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Unit 2 Anatomy > Midgut GI Tract - Perfusion/Innervation > Flashcards

Midgut GI Tract - Perfusion/Innervation Flashcards

1
Q

The jejunum arises from?

A

the duodenum

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2
Q

What are the structures of the MidGut?
What makes them midgut structures?

A

Distal, second half of duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Ileocecal Valve
Cecum
Appendix
Ascending Colon
Hepatic Flexure
Transverse Colon (most of it)
They received their outline from the Superior Mesenteric Artery and its branches

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3
Q

The jejunum enters into?

A

Ileum

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4
Q

What is the function of the jejunum?

A

Absorption of nutrients

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5
Q

What perfuses the jejunum?

A

Superior mesenteric artery via intestinal arteries

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6
Q

What is the response of the jejunum when the vagus nerve is stimulated?

A

Parasympathetic. Increased peristalsis, absorption, and secretions in the small intestine.

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7
Q

What innervates the jejunum?

A

vagus nerve (parasympathetic);
thoracic sympathetic trunk T8-T10
(sympathetic),
sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus)
pain (sympathetic)

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8
Q

What is the response of the jejunum when the thoracic sympathetic trunk T8-T10 is stimulated?

A

Sympathetic. Decreased peristalsis, absorption, and secretions.

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9
Q

What nerves transmit pain sensations from the jejunum?

A

thoracic sympathetic trunk T8-T10 (sympathetic),

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10
Q

The midgut gets its blood supply from?

A

Superior Mesenteric Artery and its branches

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11
Q

Ileum arises from?

A

Jejunum

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12
Q

Ileum drains/emptys into?

A

Cecum through the ileocecal valve

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13
Q

Function of the Ileum

A

Absorption of nutrients

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14
Q

Blood supply of the Ileum

A

Superior mesenteric artery via intestinal arteries, Ileocolic artery

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15
Q

Innervation of the Ileum

A

vagus nerve (parasympathetic);
thoracic sympathetic trunk T8-T10 (sympathetic),
sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)

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16
Q

What occurs at the Ileum when the vagus nerve is stimulated?

A

Parasympathetic Activation.
Increased Motility/Peristalsis, Absorption, and Secretions

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17
Q

What occurs at the Ileum when the thoracic sympathetic chain T8-T10 nerves are activated?

A

Sympathetic Activation.
Decreased motility/peristalsis, absorption, and secretions.

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18
Q

What is the Ileocecal Valve

A

muscular valve at junction of ileum and cecum

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19
Q

Function of the Ileocecal Valve

A

Regulates passage of digesta from ileum to cecum (between small and large intestines)

20
Q

Blood supply of Ileocecal Valve

A

Superior mesenteric artery via intestinal arteries, Ileocolic artery

21
Q

Innervation of Ileocecal Valve

A

vagus nerve (parasympathetic);
thoracic sympathetic trunk T8-T10 (sympathetic),
sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)

22
Q

The cecum arises from?

A

Ileum

23
Q

The cecum drains/emptys into?

A

Ascending Colon

24
Q

Function of the cecum

A

Absorption of water, concentration of feces

25
Q

Blood supply of the cecum

A

Superior mesenteric artery via ileocolic artery

26
Q

Innervation of the cecum

A

vagus nerve (parasympathetic);
thoracic sympathetic trunk ~T10 (sympathetic), sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)

27
Q

What occurs in the large intestine when the thoracic sympathetic trunk is stimulated?

A

Sympathetic Activation
Decreased peristalsis, absorption, and secretions.
Liquid stool :( anxious diarrhea

28
Q

What occurs in the large intestine when the vagus nerve is stimulated?

A

Increased motility, absorption, and secretion. Too much absorption can lead to constipation.

29
Q

the appendix arises from?

A

Cecum

30
Q

Function of appendix

A

No major function-hypothesized minor immune or gut microbiota function

31
Q

the Ascending Colon arises from?

A

Cecum

32
Q

the ascending colon drains into?

A

transverse colon

33
Q

blood supply of the ascending colon

A

Superior mesenteric artery via right colic artery

34
Q

Function of the ascending colon

A

Absorption of water, concentration of feces

35
Q

Innvervation of the Ascending Colon

A

vagus nerve (parasympathetic);
thoracic sympathetic trunk T10-T12 (sympathetic),
sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)

36
Q

Function of Taeniae coli

A

Band of connective tissue for attachment of muscle of large intestine

37
Q

What is the Haustra

A

Sacculations of the large intestine giving distinct “segmented” appearance

38
Q

What is the hepatic flexure

A

Midgut, junction between ascending and transverse colon on right side near liver

39
Q

The transverse colon arises from?

A

Ascending Colon

40
Q

Transverse Colon drains into?

A

Descending Colon

41
Q

Function of transverse colon?

A

Absorption of water, concentration of feces

42
Q

Blood supply of the transverse colon?

A

Superior mesenteric artery via middle colic artery

43
Q

Innervation of Transverse Colon

A

vagus nerve (parasympathetic);
thoracic sympathetic trunk T10-T12 (sympathetic)
sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)

44
Q

What attaches the transverse colon to the stomach

A

gastrocolic ligament

45
Q

What is the splenic flexure

A

Junction between transverse and descending colon on left side near liver (junction of midgut and hindgut)

Unit 2 Anatomy (15 decks)

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