Thoracic Angiology

Question 1

Aorta

Answer 1

Travels superiorly as ascending aorta, turns left as aortic arch and then travels inferiorly as descending aorta through the thorax, through the aortic hiatus on the thoracic diaphragm and into the abdomen as abdominal aorta

Question 2

Ascending aorta

Answer 2

Short, produces right and left coronary arteries

Question 3

Right coronary artery

Answer 3

Travels anteriorly around the heart to posterior aspect

• Sinuatrial nodal A. (can arise from circumflex branch of left coronary artery. supplies sinoatrial node)
• Conus branch: supplies conus arteriosus
• Atrial branch: supplies right atrium
• Right marginal artery: travels along inferior border of heart
• Atrioventricular nodal artery: supplies AV node
• Posterior interventricular artery: travels along posterior aspect of heart b/w R/L ventricles, has interventricular septal branches supplying IV septum
• Right posterolateral artery: supplies left ventricle

Question 4

Left coronary artery

Answer 4

Anterior interventricular artery: travels along anterior heart b/w right and left ventricles, supplies AV bundle as it passes through interventricular septum
-Conus branch
-Lateral/diagonal artery: descends along anterior surface
-IV septal branches: supply IV septum, AV bundle and R/L bundle branches
Circumflex artery: travels to posterior aspect of heart
-Left marginal artery: travels along left margin of heart
-Posterior left ventricular artery: supplies left ventricle

Question 5

Coronary artery bypass graft

Answer 5

The great saphenous vein is often used based on its comparable diameter to the coronary arteries, its ease of dissection and the fact that it offers lengthy portions without branching or valves
Radial artery is also used
One end is attached to the aorta, the other attached to the coronary artery below the blockage

Question 6

Coronary angioplasty

Answer 6

Insertion of a small balloon catheter into the lumen of the coronary artery
The balloon is inflated to flatten the obstructing plaque against the wall and increase the size of the lumen improving blood flow

Question 7

Arch of the aorta

Answer 7

Produces brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery

Question 8

Brachiocephalic trunk

Answer 8

Produces right common carotid and right subclavian artery

Question 9

Region one of subclavian

Answer 9

Vertebral A
Internal thoracic A:
-Anterior intercostal which has perforating and medial mamillary branches
-Pericardiacophrenic artery: supplies pericardium and thoracic diaphragm
-Musculophrenic artery: terminal branch of internal thoracic, travels on deep surface of rectus abdominus m, forms anastomosis with inferior epigastric artery
Thyrocervical trunk
-inferior thyroid a - ascending cervical a.
-suprascapular a.
-transverse cervical a.

Question 10

Region two subclavian

Answer 10

Costocervical trunk

• Supreme intercostal
• Deep cervical

Question 11

Region three subclavian

Answer 11

Dorsal scapular A.