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OPP > Thoracic > Flashcards

Thoracic Flashcards

1
Q

What are the true ribs?

A

1-7

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2
Q

What are the false ribs

A

8-10

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3
Q

What are the floating ribs

A

11-12

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4
Q

What makes Rib 1 atypical

A

No angle and only 1 articulation (w/ T1)

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5
Q

What makes rib 2 atypica

A

Large tuberosity

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6
Q

What makes rib 10 atypical

A

single costovertebral articulation

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7
Q

What makes rib 11 and 12 atypical

A

No neck or tubercles, articulates with corresponding vertebral body

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8
Q

What kind of joint is the sternochondral joint of rib 1

A

synchondrosis, non-synovial

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9
Q

What kind of sternochondral joints do ribs 2-7 have?

A

synovial articulations

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10
Q

What are the three articulations of a typical posterior rib?

A

1 costotransverse joint, 2 costovertebral joint (inferior and superior)

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11
Q

What are the 5 muscles of active breathing (exhalation)

A

intercostalis int., rectus abdominis, obliques interal and external, transversus abdominis

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12
Q

What causes quiet breathing exhalation

A

passive recoil of lungs

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13
Q

Where does the serratus posterior inferior originate and insert?

A

ORG: SP of T10-L2 and Insert: ribs 9-12

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14
Q

What are the 4 functions of the ribs and sternum

A

Respiration

Protection of vital organs

Pump for venous and lymphatic return

Support structure for the upper extremities

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15
Q

What ribs exhibit pump handle motion, what plane and axis do they move in?

A

Ribs 1 -5, sagittal plane and transverse axis

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16
Q

What ribs exhibit bucket handle motion, what plane and axis do they move in?

A

ribs 6-10, frontal (coronal) plane and anterior - posterior axis

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17
Q

What ribs exhibit caliper motion and what plane and axis do they move in?

A

ribs 11 and 12, transverse plane - vertical axis

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18
Q

What makes up the anatomical inlet?

A

manubrium, 1st rib, and T1

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19
Q

What makes up the functional inlet

A

manubrium w/ angle of louis, 1st and 2nd rib, T1-4

20
Q

What makes up the thoracic outlet?

A

clavicle, 1st rib, and scapula

21
Q

What are four entrapment causes of thoracic outlet syndrome?

A
  1. between scalene anterior and medius
  2. clavicle and 1st rib
  3. pectoralis minor tendon and ribs
  4. cervical ribs
22
Q

Describe the steps of chapman point mechanisms

A

visceral dysfunction–> facilitation –> excessive sympathetic tone –> lymphatic stasis/ myofascial contraction –> somatic dysfunction

23
Q

SANS innervation of the heart is at what spinal level?

A

T1-6

24
Q

SANS innervation of the vessels is at what spinal level?

A

T1- L2

25
Q

Where do the anterior and middle scalenes attach to

A

1st rib

26
Q

where do the posterior scalenes attach?

A

2nd rib

27
Q

where does the pectoralis minor attach

A

ribs 3-5

28
Q

where does the serratus anterior attach

A

ribs 6 -9

29
Q

where does the latissimus dorsi attach

A

ribs 10 - 11

30
Q

Where does the quadratus lumborum attach to

A

rib 12

31
Q

What innervatest the diaphragm?

A

phrenic nerve (C3-C5)

32
Q

What innervates the intercostalis muscles

A

intercostal nerves

33
Q

What is intercostal neuralgia

A

pain in intercostal space

34
Q

What spinal levels innervate the sympathetics?

A

T1-T6

35
Q

What spinal levels innervate the parasympathetis?

A

Vagus (CN X)

36
Q

Where is the chapman’s reflex for myocardial infarction?

A

ICS 2

37
Q

Where is the chapman’s reflex for the main stem bronchus

A

2nd ICS

38
Q

Where is the chapman’s reflex for upper lung?

A

3rd ICS

39
Q

Where is the chapman’s reflex for the lower lung?

A

4th ICS

40
Q

What is the Hering-breuer reflex and what is it a result of

A

parasympathetic response- shallow breathing at a rapid rate

41
Q

What are the muscles of inspiration?

A

diaphragm, external intercostals, SCM, Scalenes, pectoralis major and minor, levator costarum, serratus posterior superior, serratus anterior, iliocostalis, latissimus dorsi

42
Q

What are the four functions of rib and sternum

A
  1. respiration
  2. protection of vital organs
  3. pump for venous and lymph return
  4. support structures for upper extremities
43
Q

What are the three lymph nodes that exsist in the costal lymphatics system?

A

parasternal lymph nodes
intercostal lymph nodes
diaphragmatic lymph nodes

44
Q

What is normal systolic and diastolic pressures?

A
45
Q

What is Pre-HTN systolic / diastolic readings

A

120-139 OR 80-89

46
Q

What is stage I HTN readings

A

140-159 OR 90-99

47
Q

What is stage II HTN readings?

A

> 160 or >100

OPP (9 decks)

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