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OPP > H AND P > Flashcards

H AND P Flashcards

1
Q

macule

A

flat lesion

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2
Q

patch

A

flat lesion >1cm

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3
Q

papule

A

superficial raised

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4
Q

plaque

A

superficial raised >1cm

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5
Q

nodule

A

deep raised

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6
Q

tumor

A

deep raised >1cm

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7
Q

vesicle

A

serum filled

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8
Q

bulla

A

serum filled >1cm

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9
Q

petechi

A

hemorrhagic

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10
Q

purpura/ecchymosis

A

hemorrhgic >3mm

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11
Q

telangiectasia

A

vascular

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12
Q

wheal/urticaria/hive

A

transiet well defined erythema and edema

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13
Q

cyst

A

fluid filled sac

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14
Q

closed comedone

A

white head in hair follicle

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15
Q

open comedone

A

blackhead in hair follicle

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16
Q

scale

A

epidermal accumulation- keratinocyte accumulation

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17
Q

crust

A

epidermal accumulation- scale w/ RBC WBC and serum

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18
Q

lichenification

A

epidermal accumulations epidermal thickening w accentuated skin lines

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19
Q

desquamation

A

epidermal accumulation shedding of sheets of keratinocytes

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20
Q

atrophy

A

skin thickness change- decrease in epidermal dermal or subcutaneous thickness

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21
Q

hypertrophic scar

A

skin thickness changes- thick scar that stays within the boundary of lesion

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22
Q

keloid

A

skin thickness change- scar that extends beyound boundary of lesion

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23
Q

stria

A

skin thickness change- linear atrophy w fragmented collagen/elastin fibers

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24
Q

fissure

A

break in skin surface- linear

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25
Q

erosion

A

break in skin surface- partial epidermal loss

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26
Q

excoriation

A

break in skin surface- trauma induced (scratching pricking)

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27
Q

ulcer

A

break in skin surface- fulll thickness epidermal loss

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28
Q

pustule

A

pus accumulation= superficial

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29
Q

abscess

A

pus acumulation= deep

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30
Q

annular

A

ring

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31
Q

nummular

A

circular/oval

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32
Q

polycyclic or arcutate

A

curved like bow

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33
Q

serpiginous

A

creeping

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34
Q

targetoid

A

bulls eye like

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35
Q

curette

A

bbc- fragmented specimen- secondary closure

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36
Q

sissor biopsy

A

pedunculated tumor- tissue abve connection to the epidermis– secondary closure

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37
Q

shave biopsy

A

superficial process elevated above surrounding skin– epidermis and superficial dermis sample – secondary closure

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38
Q

incisional biopsy

A

lesion in deep subcutaneous fat or fascia–primary layered closure

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39
Q

punch biopsy

A

depressed lesion or process primarily in dermis– primary layered closure

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40
Q

excision in toto

A

lesions not uniform in path– full thickness and subcutaneous tissue sample – primary layered closure

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41
Q

trichotilomania

A

pulling out hair

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42
Q

alopecia totalis

A

loss of all hair

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43
Q

alopecia areata

A

localized nonscarring hair loss

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44
Q

hiruitism

A

excessive hair growth

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45
Q

what is indicative of loss of leg hair?

A

peripheral vascular disease

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46
Q

order of skin inspection

A

head to toe, front to back, sun exposed and hidden areas

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47
Q

5 description of lesion

A

asymmetry, border, color, diameter, location

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48
Q

capillary refill time

A
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49
Q

What to do for opthalology exam

A
  1. check vision
  2. shine light on pupils
  3. check ocular motility
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50
Q

CN for accommadation

A

CN III

51
Q

CN for afferent defect

A

CN II

52
Q

anisocoria

A

unequal pupils

53
Q

superior rectus

A

CN III – up and out

54
Q

inferior rectus

A

CN III – down and out

55
Q

medial rectus

A

CN III

56
Q

inferior oblique

A

CN III– up and in

57
Q

superior oblique

A

CN IV – down and in

58
Q

lateral rectus

A

CN VI

59
Q

strabismus– what test

A

improper alignment

Hirschberg test

60
Q

Visual fields: temporally

A

100-110 degrees

61
Q

Visual fields: nasally and upward

A

60 degrees

62
Q

Visual fields nasally and downward

A

70 degrees

63
Q

What is the blind spint

A

optic nerve

64
Q

damage in front of the chiasm

A

unilateral visual loss

65
Q

damage in back of chiasm

A

bilateral visual loss

66
Q

optic cup: disc ration

A

1:3

67
Q

normal ocular pressure:

A
68
Q

fundus

A

posterior eye structures

69
Q

posterior eye structures

A

retina, optic n, macula, fovea

70
Q

macula

A

yellow area, highest visual acuity

71
Q

myopia

A

nearsighted, long eye, minus lens

72
Q

hyperopia

A

farsighted, short eye, plus lens

73
Q

presbiopia

A

loss of lens flex, bifocals

74
Q

dilate eyes with:

A

neosynephrine (CONTRAINDICATED IN pregmant heart attack/stroke, SOB)

75
Q

Pilocarpine

A

reverse dilation

76
Q

proptosis

A

exalopthalmus: GRAVES

77
Q

what are floaters

A

liquefaction of vitreous

78
Q

flashes of light indicates?

A

retina tearing

79
Q

cherry red spot indicates what?

A

the macula

80
Q

glaucoma open angle

A

painless vision loss

81
Q

angle closure glaucoma

A

painful vision loss

82
Q

Disc, Retina, Vessels of a normal fundus

A

Disc: clear outline, central cup is pale
Retina: red/orange, macula is dark avascular
Vessels: arteral 2 venous 3 ratio

83
Q

veins and arteries

A

veins on top

84
Q

Marcus Gun Pupil

A

1 constricts and other dilates when light shines into it

85
Q

near sight correction

A

RED

86
Q

far sight correction

A

GREEN

87
Q

Anterior triangle

A

SCM, mandible, neck midline

88
Q

Posterior triangle

A

Trap, clavicle, SCM

89
Q

same side tracheal deviation

A

pneumothorax

90
Q

opposite side tracheal deviation

A

tension pneumothorax

91
Q

Causes of buits

A

increased blood flow –> hyperthyroid

92
Q

11 lymph nodes

A

preauricular, postauricular, occipital, tonsilar, submandibular, submental, superficial cervical, deep cervical, posterior cervical , supraclavicular, infraclavicular

93
Q

starting form chin what do you palpate?

A

thyroid cartilage, cricothyroid membrane, cricoid, thyroid rings,isthmus then lateral lobes

94
Q

Where is the epitrochlear?

A

above medial epicondyle

95
Q

where is carotid

A

under the SCM

96
Q

where to palpate for nuchal rigidity

A

occiput to C7

97
Q

Brudzinski sign

A

passively flex pt neck, what for hip flex

98
Q

kernig sign

A

flex hip to 90 and extend lower legs

99
Q

Presbycusis

A

progressive bilateral sensory loss

100
Q

Weber

A

512 Hz fork in middle of head neurosensory

101
Q

Rinee

A

512 Hz fork on mastoid process (BC –> AC)

102
Q

AC > BC

A

sensory hearing loss

103
Q

BC > AC

A

conductive loss

104
Q

Adult ear PE

A

up back and out

105
Q

child ear PE

A

down and back

106
Q

tug test

A

movement of auricle and tragus is painful in otitis externa not otitis media

107
Q

lateral limit of Middle ear

A

TM

108
Q

umbo

A

malleus meets TM

109
Q

pars flaccida

A

above short process of malleus

110
Q

structures of inner ear

A

cochlea, semicircular canals,CNVIII

111
Q

When and where do you do tube placement for recurrent otitis media

A

5+ infections / year
3+ infections/ 6 mo
Anterior inferior

112
Q

Cholesteatoma

A

epithlial deposition in middle ear

113
Q

Ear Exam,

A

L ear w L hand R ear w R hand

114
Q

malleus 2:00

A

Right ear

115
Q

Malleus 10:00

A

left ear

116
Q

labial frenulum

A

connects libs and gingiva

117
Q

alveolar mucosa

A

mucosa adj to gingiva

118
Q

labial mucosa

A

mucosa of inner lip

119
Q

Poliate papillae

A

lateral tonuge

120
Q

circumvallate papillae

A

v-shaped pattern in posterior tongue

121
Q

ankyloglossia

A

frenulum tethers tongue

122
Q

normal BP

A
123
Q

sounds of korotkoff

A

tapping sounds increase intensity, hits max, muffed then disappear

124
Q

Ausculatory gap

A

period of silence during asculatation when 1st beat is heard, 2nd beat heard after is diastolic

OPP (9 decks)

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