Thompson 1

Question 1

Acute renal failure causes

Answer 1

• Toxins (NSAID, ETOH, Anti-freeze)
• dehydration/fluid (shock)
• rhabdo
• infection
• trauma
• CHF
• Stones

Question 2

Chronic renal failure causes

Answer 2

• DM
• HTN
• INFLAMMATION (post-strep)

Question 3

Things that put you at risk of getting renal disease********

Answer 3

• DM
• Smoking
• HTN
• Obesity
• Cholesterol
• African/eastern
• FMH
• >65 y/o

Question 4

Renal disease effects LOWER EXTREMITY*******

Answer 4

• MUSCLE INFARCT
• Osteoporosis/osteopenia
• POOR microcirculation
• INcreased Fracture risk
• tendon rupture
• ESRD –> amputation 10x risk
  
  • 2/3 of these will die within 1st year

Question 5

Renal disease and bones**********

Answer 5

• Phosphorus and calcium inversely related
• RF leads to High pHOSPHATE
• PULLS CALCIUM OUT OF THE BONE

Question 6

What can you do as doctors to protect pt’s kidneys

Answer 6

• Prevent hypotension during surgery
• prevent hypovolemia
• avoid nephrotoxic medicines
• encourage hypertension and diabetic tx compliance
• encourage to quit smoking

Question 7

Meds that clear slowly with RF

Answer 7

• INSULIN
• NARCOTICS
• BENZOs
• SOME ABX
  
  • Aminoglycosides (causes kidney problems in 20% of pts)

Question 8

Contrast kidney damage

Answer 8

• Cause unclear –> hypo-perfusion or direct toxicity
• High risk in renal compromised, nephrotoxic drugs, dry
• 48 hours after contrast
• HYDRATE
• pre-medicate mucomyst
• STOP METFORMIN 2 DAYS PAST CONTRAST (can stop prior if know before-hand)

Question 9

Dialysis

Answer 9

• Low Trauma fracture (from just walking)
• Osteopenia
• peripheral neuropathy