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AP Psychology > Thinking Vocab Terms > Flashcards

Thinking Vocab Terms Flashcards

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0
Q

concept

A

mental grouping of similar objects

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1
Q

cognition

A

thinking knowing remembering communicating

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2
Q

prototype

A

mental image or best example

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3
Q

algorithm

A

methodical logical rule or procedure

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4
Q

heuristic

A

simple thinking strategy

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5
Q

insight

A

sudden and often novel realization

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6
Q

confirmation bias

A

tendency to search for information

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7
Q

fixation

A

inability to see a problem from a new perspective

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8
Q

mental set

A

tendency to approach a problem in a particular way

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9
Q

functional fixedness

A

tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions

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10
Q

representativeness heuristic

A

judging the likelihood of things

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11
Q

availability heuristic

A

estimating the likelihood of events

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12
Q

overconfidence

A

tendency to be more confident

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13
Q

framing

A

way an issue is posed

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14
Q

belief bias

A

tendency for one’s preexisting beliefs to distort logical reasoning

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15
Q

belief perseverance

A

clinging to one’s initial conceptions

16
Q

language

A

our spoken written or signed words

17
Q

phoneme

A

smallest distinctive sound unit

18
Q

morpheme

A

smallest unit that carries meaning

19
Q

grammar

A

system of rules that enables us to communicate with and understand others

20
Q

semantics

A

set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes words and sentences

21
Q

syntax

A

rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences

22
Q

babbling stage

A

(beginning at about 4 months)

stage of speech development

23
Q

one-word stage

A

(age 1-2)

child speaks mostly in single words

24
Q

two-word stage

A

(beginning at age 2)

speech development where child speaks mostly two-word statements

25
Q

telegraphic speech

A

early speech stage while a child speaks like a telegram

26
Q

linguistic determinism

A

whorf’s hypothesis that language determines the way we think

AP Psychology (15 decks)

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