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_Anat./GIE #3 > Thigh > Flashcards

Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 6 muscles that cross both the hip and knee joints.

A 
sartorius
semitendinosus
semimembranosus
biceps femoris (long head)
gracilis
rectus femoris
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2
Q

Name the five nerves of the thigh and their spinal root origins.

A
  1. posterior femoral cutaneous S1-S3
  2. lateral femoral cutaneous L2-L3
  3. femoral nerve L2-L4
  4. obturator nerve L2-L4
  5. sciatic nerve L4-S3
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3
Q

Which of the 5 nerves of the thigh are purely sensory in function?

A

SENSORY:
posterior femoral cutaneous
lateral femoral cutaneous

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4
Q

Which of the 5 nerves of the thigh are purely motor in function?

A

sciatic

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5
Q

Which of the 5 nerves of the thigh are mixed sensory and motor in function?

A

femoral

obturator

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6
Q

What are the dermatomes of the lower limb?

A

L1 inguinal region
L4 hip, patella, big toe
L5 dorsum, sole of foot
S1, S2 posterior lower limb

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7
Q

Which dorsal root ganglia provide cutaneous innervation of the anterior knee?

A

L4

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8
Q

Which dorsal root ganglia provide cutaneous innervation of the popliteal fossa?

A

S2 medially

S1 laterally

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9
Q

Which dorsal root ganglia provide cutaneous innervation of the great toe?

A

L4

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10
Q

Which dorsal root ganglia provide cutaneous innervation of the middle three toes?

A

L5

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11
Q

Which dorsal root ganglia provide cutaneous innervation of the 5th toe?

A

S1

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12
Q

Which arteries subserve the head and neck of the femur?

A

lateral circumflex artery
medial circumflex artery
(branches of deep femoral)

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13
Q

Which arteries form an anastomosis around the knee?

A

superior lateral & medial genicular arteries

inferior lateral & medial genicular arteries

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14
Q

Which veins are superficial to the fascia lata?

A

small and great saphenous veins

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15
Q

What are the 3 major locations of lymph nodes in the leg?

A
  1. superficial inguinal lymph nodes
  2. deep inguinal lymph nodes
  3. popliteal lymph nodes
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16
Q

What are the borders of the femoral triangle?

A 
superior border: inguinal ligament
medial border: lateral edge of adductor longus
lateral border: medial edge of sartorius
floor: pectineus and iliopsoas
roof: deep & superficial fascia
17
Q

What are the contents of the femoral triangle?

A

laterally: femoral nerve
next: femoral artery
center: femoral vein
medially: femoral canal containing lymphatics

18
Q

What are the borders of the adductor canal?

A

roof: sartorius
lateral: medial edge of quadriceps femoris
medial: the line where the pectineus, adductor longus, & adductor magnus pass posterior to the quadriceps femoris
inferior end: adductor hiatus

19
Q

What are the contents of the adductor canal?

A

femoral nerve
femoral artery
femoral vein

20
Q

What are the borders of the popliteal fossa?

A

a diamond-shaped space

superior borders are made up of the lateral edges of semitendinosus & semimembranosus and the medial edge of biceps femoris

inferior borders are the edges of the medial and lateral heads of the gastrocnemius

floor is the femur

roof is the deep and superficial investing fascia of the skin

21
Q

What are the contents of the popliteal fossa?

A

popliteal artery (the continuation of the femoral artery)

popliteal vein (the source for the femoral vein)

site of branching of sciatic nerve into tibial nerve and common fibular nerve

popliteal lymph nodes

portions of lateral & medal superior genicular arteries, portions of lateral & medial inferior genicular arteries, portion of middle genicular artery

22
Q

Of the three structures in the adductor canal, name the two that transit through the adductor hiatus and the one structure that bypasses the adductor hiatus.

A

The femoral artery and femoral vein transit through the adductor hiatus, while the femoral nerve bypasses the hiatus and is renamed the saphenous nerve.

23
Q

What is the pes anserinus?

A

A tendinous structure found on the head of the MEDIAL TIBIA that looks like a 3-toed webbed bird foot. Made up of SGT: sartorius, gracilis, semiTendinosus

24
Q

What 2 muscles insert on the IT band?

A

gluteus maximus, tensor fascia lata

25
Q

What is compartment syndrome?

A

When inflammation within a compartment increases the intracompartmental pressure above the venous pressure, the veins collapse, interfering with circulation. The tissues of that compartment may then undergo necrosis.

26
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior compartment?

A

quadriceps femoris

sartorius

27
Q

What nerve innervates the anterior compartment?

A

femoral nerve

L2, L3, L4

28
Q

What are the muscles of the medial compartment?

A 
adductor longus
adductor brevis
adductor magnus
gracilis
obturator externus
29
Q

What nerve innervates the medial compartment?

A

obturator nerve

L2, L3, L4

30
Q

What are the muscles of the posterior compartment?

A

semitendinosus
semimembranosus
biceps femoris long head
biceps femoris short head

31
Q

What nerve innervates the posterior compartment?

A

sciatic nerve

32
Q

What does the foveal artery branch off of?

A

obturator artery

33
Q

What makes up the adductor longus “sandwich”?

A

femoral artery passes in front of adductor longus; deep femoral artery passes behind adductor longus

34
Q

What makes up the adductor brevis “sandwich”?

A

anterior branch of obturator nerve passes in front of adductor brevis; posterior branch of obturator nerve passes behind adductor brevis

_Anat./GIE #3 (8 decks)

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