Foot Flashcards
What muscles are present in the foot that have no homologues in the hand? On what side of the foot are they located?
extensor digitorum brevis
extensor hallucis brevis
Both on the dorsum of the foot!
What is the function of the quadratus plantae muscle?
Coactivates with flexor digitorum longus to change the angle of pull
How many layers of muscle are in the plantar foot?
4 layers
How many muscles are in each of the 4 layers of the plantar foot?
3 2 3 2
What are the muscles of the most superficial layer of muscles of the plantar foot?
- abductor hallucis
- flexor digitorum brevis
- abductor digiti minimi
What are the muscles of the second layer of muscles of the plantar foot?
- quadratus plantae
2. lumbrical muscles
What are the muscles of the third layer of muscles of the plantar foot?
- flexor hallucis brevis
- adductor hallucis
- flexor digiti minimi brevis
What are the muscles of the fourth layer of muscles of the plantar foot?
- plantar interossei muscles
2. dorsal interossei muscles
What is the axis of the foot?
the second toe (in hand it was middle finger - different)
What are the 2 motor nerves of the foot?
medial plantar nerve
lateral plantar nerve
What muscles are innervated by the medial plantar nerve? (4)
- flexor digitorum brevis
- abductor hallucis
- 1st lumbrical
- flexor hallucis brevis
What muscles are innervated by the lateral plantar nerve?
ALL of the other muscles not innervated by the medial plantar nerve!
What artery does the anterior tibial artery become as it passes the ankle?
dorsalis pedis artery
The lumbrical muscles all originate on the ____ side of the tendon. (medial, lateral)
medial
What does the deep fibular nerve branch into?
medial branch, lateral branch (on dorsum of foot)
What nerve runs alongside the anterior tibial artery into the ankle?
deep fibular nerve
What are the first branchings of the dorsalis pedis artery?
lateral tarsal artery, medial tarsal artery; then arcuate artery
The ______ muscles are unipennate and the ______ muscles are bipennate.
The plantar interossei muscles are unipennate and the dorsal interossei muscles are bipennate.
The medial side of the sole of the foot is cutaneously innervated by the __________ nerve.
medial plantar nerve
The lateral side of the sole of the foot is cutaneously innervated by the _________ nerve.
lateral plantar nerve
The medial side of the foot is cutaneously innervated by the _______ nerve.
saphenous nerve
The lateral side of the foot is cutaneously innervated by the _______ nerve.
sural nerve
The tibialis posterior tendon inserts on what bones?
2, 3, 4 metatarsals
cuboid
navicular
all 3 cuneiforms
