Leg Flashcards
How many compartments in the leg? What are they?
4 anterior lateral superficial posterior deep posterior
What nerve innervates the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg?
deep fibular nerve
What nerve innervates the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg?
superficial fibular nerve
What nerve innervates the muscles of the superficial posterior compartment of the leg?
tibial nerve
What nerve innervates the muscles of the deep posterior compartment of the leg?
tibial nerve
How many muscles in each of the compartments of the leg?
anterior: 4
lateral: 2
deep posterior: 4
superficial posterior: 3
What are the 4 muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg?
tibialis anterior
extensor digitorum longus
extensor hallucis longus
fibularis tertius
What are the 2 muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg?
fibularis longus
fibularis brevis
What are the 4 muscles in the deep posterior compartment of the leg?
tibialis posterior
flexor digitorum longus
flexor hallucis longus
popliteus
What are the 3 muscles in the superficial posterior compartment of the leg?
gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris
Dorsiflexion = _________
Plantarflexion = __________
(extension, true flexion)
dorsiflexion = extension plantarflexion = true flexion
What is the main action of the muscles of the anterior compartment?
extension (dorsiflexion), inversion
What is the main action of the muscles of the lateral compartment?
eversion
What is the main function of the muscles of the deep compartment?
plantarflexion, flex toes
What is the main function of the muscles of the superficial compartment?
plantarflexion
What are the 5 retinacula of the leg/foot?
flexor retinaculum of the foot inferior extensor retinaculum superior extensor retinaculum inferior fibular retinaculum superior fibular retinaculum
What is unique about the muscle fibers of gastrocnemius and soleus?
gastrocnemius: fast twitch
soleus: slow twitch
(most human muscles are a mix of fibers)
What passes under the sustenaculum tali?
flexor hallucis longus tendon
What is the function of the popliteus muscle?
unlock the knee at the inception of flexion
What nerve innervates the webbing between the first and second toes?
deep fibular nerve
What structures pass posterior to the medial malleolus?
"Tom Dick van Harry" Tibialis posterior tendon flexor Digitorum tendon posterior tibial Vein posterior tibial Artery tibial Nerve flexor Hallucis longus tendon
What does the sciatic nerve branch into, usually in the popliteal fossa?
sciatic branches into:
tibial nerve
common fibular nerve
What artery becomes the dorsalis pedis when it crosses the ankle?
anterior tibial artery
What are the 3 arteries of the leg?
Anterior tibial artery
Posterior tibial artery
Fibular artery
