Thermoregulation

Question 1

Negative feedback loop

Answer 1

A process that decreases the strenght of a signal to return to set point

Question 2

Feedback loop of thermoregulation

Answer 2

1. Cells detect heat levels
2. Hypothalamus checks heat levels in comparison to set point
3. Sends signal to increase body temperature
   - Increase blood flow, shivering, increase cellular respiration
4. Heat increases and inhibits signal

Question 3

Endotherms

Answer 3

animals that produce their own heat. These are mostly mammals and birds with high metabolic rates

Question 4

Ectotherm

Answer 4

animals that get most of their heat from the environment.

Question 5

Homoetherms

Answer 5

keep temperature the same

Question 6

Poikilotherms

Answer 6

allow body temerature to change

Question 7

Positive feedback loop

Answer 7

Feedback loop that increases the signal until the change stops.

Question 8

Hibernation requirements

Answer 8

increase insulation, stock up on food, find protective den, drop in body temperature, lower set points

Question 9

Facultative hibernation

Answer 9

only hibernates if the conditions are correct

Question 10

Obligate hibernators

Answer 10

hibernate even if not prepared

Question 11

Freeze tolerance

Answer 11

Cryoprotectants prevent the bursting to cells and glucose is distributed to organs

Question 12

Avoiding freezing

Answer 12

Keep body fluids naturally below 0 and produce anti-freeze proteins, urea, glycerol and glucose

Question 13

Concurrent

Answer 13

when liquids flow in the same direction

Question 14

Countercurrent

Answer 14

when liquids flow in the same direction

Question 15

Countercurrent advantages

Answer 15

Minamizes heat loss, similar temperatures all around, more heat exchange, smaller heat graidents