Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Military Health Stressors > Thermoregulation > Flashcards

Thermoregulation Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 ways heat can be transferred?

A
  1. Conduction
  2. Convection
  3. Radiation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is conduction?

A

Transfer of thermal energy in solids caused by vibrating particles. Also occurs in liquids and gases as particles collide.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Convection?

A

Movement of molecules in liquids or gases which can transfer heat.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is thermal radiation?

A

Thermal energy emitted from a solid, gas or liquid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the body’s normal core temperature?

A

36.8 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the threshold for hyperthermia and hypothermia?

A

Hyperthermia = 39 degrees

Hypothermia = 35 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 4 main physiological mechanisms of thermoregulation?

A

Vasomotor
Sweating
Shivering
Metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What 5 things does your body do to thermoregulate when you are too hot?

A

Sweating
Vasodilation
Metabolism decreases
Increased respiration
Decreased appetite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What 5 things does your body do to thermoregulate when you are too cold?

A

Piloerection
Vasoconstriction
Metabolism increases
Shivering
Appetite increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What generates the most heat within the body?

A

Major organs such as the brain, heart and liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What environmental factor can reduce the effectiveness of sweating to cool the body?

A

Humidity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the acceptable range for a body’s core temperature in the Military?

A

+/- 2 degrees due to the nature of our working environments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define Homeostasis

A

The body’s ability to physiologically regulate its inner environment to ensure its stability in response to fluctuations in the outside environment and the weather.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How many days does it take to fully acclimatise to a new environment?

A

15

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What factors affect acclimatisation?

A

Exposure time
Physical fitness
Medical health
Thermal environment conditions
Food and fluid intake
Task/duty management
Alcohol/drugs/medication
Physical activity / work
Obesity
Age
Complexion
Clothing
Accomodation
Education

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the definition of thermal comfort?

A

The absence of any significant strain on the body’s thermoregulatory mechanisms

17
Q

What are the optimum comfort zones

A

Air temperature = 18 - 22 degrees
Air movement = 0.1 - 0.5m/sec
Relative humidity = 40 - 70%
Radiant heat temperature = 21 degrees

18
Q

What is the primary method of heat gain / loss?

A

Respiration

19
Q

Cold diuresis is a result of what?

A

Vasoconstriction leading to increase of blood pressure

20
Q

What is cold diuresis?

A

Increased need to urinate due to blood vessel construction. Kidneys need to filter out extra fluid to make room.

21
Q

The autonomic nervous system regulates what?

A

The visceral functions it the body e.g

Heart rate
Digestion
Vasodilation
Respiration rate
Salivation
Perspiration

22
Q

What is natural convection?

A

In still air the body’s upward flow of warm air

23
Q

What is forced convection?

A

Movement of air past the body, e.g. wind

24
Q

What can account for 70% of the body’s water loss?

A

Perspiration

25
Q

What can affect our ability to sweat?

A

Humidity
Clothing

26
Q

Lungs can account for what % of body water loss due to warming and wetting of inhaled air?

A

10%

27
Q

Which part of the brain regulates body temperature?

A

Hypothalamus

28
Q

Which body systems does the hypothalamus control?

A

Endocrine system
Nervous system

29
Q

What are the body’s physiological reactions to a hot environment?

A

Vasodilation
Increased heart rate
Increased sweating
Reduced metabolism

30
Q

What are the body’s physiological reactions to a cold environment?

A

Vasoconstriction
Increased metabolism
Shivering
Piloerection

31
Q

How long does it take for partial acclimatisation?

A

8 days

32
Q

What environmental factors affect thermal comfort?

A

Air temp
Air movement (convection)
Relative humidity (affecting perspiration)
Radiant heat

Military Health Stressors (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions