Thermodynamics basics

Question 1

state the first law of thermodynamics

Answer 1

energy cannot be created nor destroyed

Question 2

state the second law of thermodynamics

Answer 2

when energy is converted from one form to another, some is unable to do work

Question 3

what is meant by an exogernic reaction

Answer 3

a reaction where the free energy of the products is less than that of the reactants, they are spontaneous

Question 4

what is meant by an endogernic reaction

Answer 4

a reaction where the free energy of the products is greater than that of the reactants, they are non-spontaneous

Question 5

how can the change in free energy be calculated

Answer 5

it is the difference in energy between the products and reactants of a reaction

Question 6

what are the standard conditions for a reaction

Answer 6

T = 298K
1 atmosphere pressure
1 mol/l conc. of reactants (except H+)
pH = 7

Question 7

describe the relationship between the amount of free energy released by a reaction and its equilibrium state

Answer 7

the closer a reaction is to reaching equilibrium the more free energy is released