Thermodynamics

Question 0

What is a surrounding?

Answer 0

Everything outside the system.

Question 1

What is a system?

Answer 1

The part of a system we want to study. A reaction mixture.

Question 2

What is an open system?

Answer 2

A system that can exchange both energy and matter with the surrounding.

Question 3

What is a closed system?

Answer 3

A system that can only exchange energy with the surrounding.

Question 4

What is an isolated system?

Answer 4

A system that can exchange neither energy nor matter with the surrounding.

Question 5

What is thermochemistry?

Answer 5

Study of energy changes as matter undergoes physical, chemical or nuclear transformations.

Question 6

What is energy?

Answer 6

The ability to do work.

Question 7

What is kinetic energy?

Answer 7

Energy due to motion.

Question 8

What is potential energy?

Answer 8

Energy due to position or stored energy.

Question 9

What is thermal energy?

Answer 9

Total potential and kinetic energy a sample of matter has.

Question 10

What is temperature?

Answer 10

Measure of average kinetic energy.

When kinetic energy increase, the motion of particles increase and thus the temperature increases.

Question 11

What is heat?

Answer 11

Energy transformed from one substance to another due to temperature difference between them.

Question 12

What is heat represented by and measured in?

Answer 12

Q

Measured in joules or kilojoules.

Question 13

What is the formula to calculate heat?

Answer 13

Q = mct

Question 14

What is the law of conservation of energy?

Answer 14

Energy cannot be created or destroyed.

Question 15

What is specific heat capacity?

Answer 15

Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1*C.

Question 16

What is specific heat capacity measured in?

Answer 16

J/g*C

KJ/g*C

Question 17

What is molar heat capacity?

Answer 17

Specific heat capacity X molar mass

Question 18

What is calorimetry?

Answer 18

The experimental technique used to obtain information to calculate heat.

Question 19

What is enthalpy?

Answer 19

The amount of energy gained or lost when reactants form products. Represented by

Question 20

What is molar enthalpy?

Answer 20

The amount of heat gained or lost per mole of a substance during a reaction formula.

Question 21

What is the formula for molar enthalpy? What are the units?

Answer 21

Delta H = q/n

KJ/mol

Question 22

What is an exothermic reaction?

Answer 22

When their is a loss of heat from the system to the surrounding. Temperature increases. Negative molar enthalpy

Question 23

What is an endothermic reaction?

Answer 23

A gain of heat energy from the surrounding to the system. Temperature decreases. Positive molar enthalpy

Question 24

Which process is bond making?

Answer 24

Exothermic

Question 25

Which process is bond breaking?

Answer 25

Endothermic

Question 26

What is Hess’ Law?

Answer 26

The sum of the enthalpies of the steps of a reaction will equal the enthalpy of the overall reaction.

Question 27

What is standard enthalpies of formation?

Answer 27

The amount of heat lost or gained when one mole of a substance is made from its elements in their standard state.