Acid Base Equilibrium Flashcards
What are some properties of a base?
Conductor, corrosive, slippery, do not react with metals or carbonates, pH greater than 7, litmus paper blue, react with acid to form a salt and water
What are some properties of acids?
Good conductors, corrosive, sour, litmus paper red, pH less than 7, react with metals to produce hydrogen, react with carbonates to produce carbon dioxide, react with base to for, salt and water
What is and acid/base indicator?
Dyes that can be added in small amounts that will change colour in the presence of an acid or base. Some indicators only work in a specific range of pH.
What is pH?
A measure of the concentration of hydronium ions in solution. High concentration = low pH. pH meter tests the voltage of the electrolyte, converts voltage into pH.
What is the formula for pH?
pH= -log [H3O+]
What is a strong acid/base?
Completely 100% ionizes in water
What is a weak acid/base?
Ionizes less than 100% in water.
What is the auto ionization of water?
The reaction between two water molecules producing a hydronium ion and a hydroxide ion
What is the product constant for water?
Kw= [H3O+][OH-] = 1 X 10^-4 at 25*C
What is an Arrhenius acid?
Substance that produces hydrogen/ hydronium ions in water.
What is an Arrhenius base?
Substance that produces hydroxide ions in water
What are the limitations to Arrhenius acids and bases?
Acid is expected to be an acid in any solvent.
Salt produced on neutralization reaction can effect pH.
H+ is actually H3O+.
Not all bases have hydroxide.
What are polyprotic acids? Monoprotic, diprotic, triprotic?
Contain more than one ionizable hydrogen ion
1 ionizable H+
2 ionizable H+
3 ionizable H+
What is a Bronsted-Lowry acid?
Any species that can donate a proton (H+) in solution.
What is a Brønsted-Lowry base?
Any species that accepts a proton (H+) on solution.
