Thermochemistry and reaction types

Question 1

Solubility Rules

Answer 1

Nitrate, acetate, and chlorate are soluble.
Sodium, potassium, and ammonium are always soluble.
Chlorides are soluble except silver, mercury (I), and lead (II).
Sulfates soluble except lead (II), barium, strontium, and calcium (slightly).
Carbonate, phosphate, silicate, and sulfide insoluble (besides Na, K, NH4+).
Hydroxides are insoluble (besides Na, K, NH4+, Ca, Ba, and Sr)

Question 2

Reactivity series

Answer 2

Li, Rb, K, Ba, Sr, Ca, Na, Mg –> these react with cold water and acids, replacing hydrogen. React to form oxides.
Al, Mn, Zn, Cr, Fe, Cd –> These react with steam (not cold water) and acids, replacing hydrogen. React to form oxides.
Co, Ni, Sn, Pb, H2 –> These do not react with water. React with acids, replacing hydrogen. React to form oxides.
Sb, Bi, Cu, Hg –> React with oxygen to form oxides.
Ag, Pt, Au –> Fairly unreactive forming oxides only indirectly.

Question 3

Water’s Hvap

Answer 3

40.79 kJ/mol

Question 4

Water’s Hfus

Answer 4

6.01 kJ/mol

Question 5

Specific heat of water

Answer 5

1cal = 4.18 J/g*C

Question 6

1st Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 6

Conservation of energy

Question 7

2nd Law of thermodynamics

Answer 7

Suniv must go up for any spontaneous process. ΔSuniv = ΔSsys + Δsurr

Question 8

ΔG?

Answer 8

ΔG = ΔH -TΔS

Question 9

How does endothermic feel in the hand?

Answer 9

Warm

Question 10

How does exothermic feel in the hand?

Answer 10

Cold