Solids, Liquids, Gasses, and Phase Changes Flashcards
Define amorphous
Without order (not crystalline but still solid)
In a liquid, what can IMF’s cause?
Surface tension, capillary action, and viscosity.
What is an example of dynamic equilibrium in phases?
Evaporation and condensation
Define boiling point
The temperature at which the vapor pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure.
What is the difference between evaporation and boiling?
Evap is below BP and only on the surface. Boiling is at BP and throughout (that’s why you see bubbles).
What is critical temperature?
The temperature that above it, a substance cannot be condensed.
What is the heat of vaporization?
to vaporize
What is heat of fusion?
to condense/liquify
What is a hydrate?
A compound that forms a shell around 1+ H2O molecules
What is efflorescence?
The property of hydrates to lose their water at room temperature
What are hygroscopic materials?
Materials that are so attracted to water that they rapidly become hydrates absorbing H2O from the air.
What is the “triple point”?
The only temperature where solids, gasses, and liquids of a particular substance can exist.
What is critical pressure?
the pressure needed to liquefy a gas at critical temperature
What is critical point?
Combination of critical pressure and temperature often seen on phase diagrams.
Define miscible
When two mixed liquids can dissolve into each other.
