Thermal Physics Flashcards
How to observe Brownian Motion?
Put smoke in illuminated glass jar and observe using microscope
What is internal energy?
The sum of the kinetic and potential energies of all the atoms moving randomly within a system.
How to convert from celsius to kelvin?
Add 273!
What is absolute 0?
Theoretically, where system’s internal energy is at a minimum. momentum, pressure, speed, energy = 0
What is thermal equilibrium?
When the temperatures of objects are the same, so there is no net energy transfer
What is specific heat capacity?
The amount of energy required to raise 1kg of a substance by 1 degree
What is specific latent heat?
The energy required to change 1kg of a substance’s phase
What is Boyle’s Law?
At a constant temperature, pressure and volume are inversely proportional
What is the Pressure Law?
At a constant volume, pressure is directly proportional to its absolute temperature
What is Charles’ Law?
At a constant pressure, volume is directly proportional to its absolute temperature
What is an ideal gas?
A gas that follows pV=nRT
What is R?
Molar gas constant
What is the difference between N and n?
n is no. moles, N is no. particles
What are the assumptions made about an ideal gas?
N is large, particles move rapidly and randomly, volume of particles is negligible compared to volume of gas, collisions are perfectly elastic between particles and walls of a container, duration of collision is negligible compared to time between them, no forces between particles except when colliding.
What is the 0th Law of Thermodynamics?
if A and B are in thermal equilibrium, and B and C are also, then A and C are.
