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Physics > Nuclear Physics > Flashcards

Nuclear Physics Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the strong force?

A

Holds the nucleus together, so particles are at specific distances from one another.

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2
Q

When is the strong force attractive?

A

Between 0.5-3fm, to overcome electrostatic repulsion between protons

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3
Q

When is the strong force repulsive?

A

Below 0.5fm

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4
Q

What is spin?

A

property of a particle related to its intrinsic angular momentum

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5
Q

What is a lepton?

A

fundamental particle that doesn’t experience the nuclear strong force

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6
Q

What are hadrons?

A

particles that experience nuclear strong force and decay by weak nuclear force

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7
Q

What happens when a particle finds its antiparticle?

A

They undergo annihilation, destroying each other and emitting two equal photons as energy

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8
Q

What is charge on an up quark?

A

+2/3

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9
Q

What is the Baryon number on a quark

A

1/3

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10
Q

What’s the strangeness of a strange quark?

A

-1

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11
Q

What is the charge on a down quark?

A

-1/3

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12
Q

What is the quark composition of a proton

A

pud-u-like, uud

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13
Q

What is the quark composition of a neutron?

A

dunderhead, ddu

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14
Q

What field does a photon mediate?

A

Electromagnetic field

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15
Q

What field does the gluon mediate?

A

Nuclear strong force

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16
Q

What field does the W+ boson mediate and what charge?

A

Weak nuclear field, +1

17
Q

What field does the W- boson mediate and what charge?

A

Weak nuclear field, -1

18
Q

What field does the Z boson mediate and what charge?

A

Weak nuclear field, 0

19
Q

What is the spin on a lepton?

A

±1/2

20
Q

What is the spin on a quark?

A

±1/2

21
Q

What is the spin on a boson?

A

integer

22
Q

What is the spin on a meson?

A

0

23
Q

What is the charge on a neutrino?

A

0

24
Q

What is pair production?

A

When energy is converted into mass, and new particles are made, each particle has its corresponding antiparticle

25
Q

What is quark confinement?

A

You can never have a free quark - they always come in pairs or triplets or quintets

26
Q

What happens in beta-minus decay?

A

Neutron changes into a proton, d quark into u quark, electron and antineutrino emitted

27
Q

What happens in beta-plus decay?

A

Proton changes into a neutron, u quark changes to d quark, positron and neutrino emitted

28
Q

What is spin on an up quark?

A

±1/2

29
Q

What is the typical half life of a free neutron?

A

15 minutes

30
Q

How to find size of nucleus in experiment?

A

alpha particle scattering, use coulomb’s law, in a vacuum

31
Q

How to deduce whether reaction can take place?

A

If it can, then mass reactants > mass of products

Physics (16 decks)

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