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physics gcse > Thermal Physics > Flashcards

Thermal Physics Flashcards

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1
Q

What is absolute zero?

A

When kinetic energy of particles equal zero

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2
Q

How to convert degrees to kelvin?

A

Add 273

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3
Q

How to convert Kelvin to degrees

A

Minus 273

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4
Q

Define radiation.

A

Electromagnetic waves travelling through no medium

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5
Q

What’s the difference between boiling and evaporation?

A

Evaporation is below boiling point and boiling is above

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6
Q

What is convection?

A

When particles are heated in liquids by convection currents

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7
Q

Define conduction

A

When particles collide and transfer energy from high to low temperatures in solids.

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8
Q

What is specific heat capacity?

A

The energy (J) needed to change the temperature of a substance

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9
Q

Specific heat capacity equation

A

E = mc🔺t

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10
Q

What’s specific heat capacity measured in

A

J/kg

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11
Q

What’s energy measured in

A

joules

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12
Q

Describe the structure of a solid

A

Fixed shape and volume, vibrate at a fixed position, strong intermolecular attraction

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13
Q

Describe structure of a liquid

A

Fixed volume, flows, weaker intermolecular attraction, molecules move randomly

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14
Q

Describe properties of gas

A

No fixed volume or shape, move freely, no forces between particles

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15
Q

What is thermal expansion?

A

Particles gain energy meaning when they collide with more energy they spread apart further causing expansion (mostly gas and liquids)

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16
Q

Why can gas be compressed but liquid can’t?

A

Gas particles have weaker forces of attraction and are therefore more spread out but liquid molecules are very close together

17
Q

Describe the movement of gas molecules

A

Randomly free to move. Collide with walls and other particles

18
Q

Liquid molecules arrangement different from solid

A

Liquid have random arrangement and are free to move randomly and are further apart
Solid vibrate at a fixed position

physics gcse (12 decks)

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