Therapy Theories Flashcards
Change through insight and understanding of early, unresolved issues
Psychodynamic Therapy
Helping the client understand why they do what they do, also known as Psychodynamic Therapy
Insight oriented therapy
Insight oriented Therapy is also known as…
Psychodynamic Therapy
A belief that psychopathology develops especially from early childhood experiences
Psychodynamic Therapy
Change of behavior through reinforcements and punishment
Behavioral Therapy
Understanding the influence of the past on current behavior
Explore client’s transference
Psychodynamic Therapy
occurs when a behavior (response) is followed by a stimulus that is rewarding, increasing the frequency of that behavior.
Positive Reinforcement (Reinforcement):
occurs when a behavior (response) is followed by the removal of an aversive stimulus, thereby increasing that behavior’s frequency. Ex: Wife nags husband until he does something, then the nagging stops.
Negative Reinforcement (Escape):
Positive Punishment (Punishment):
occurs when a behavior (response) is followed by a stimulus, such as introducing a shock or loud noise, resulting in a decrease in that behavior. Ex: spanking
Negative Punishment (Penalty) (also called “Punishment by Contingent Withdrawal”)
occurs when a behavior (response) is followed by the removal of a stimulus. Ex: taking away a child’s toy following an undesired behavior, resulting in a decrease in that behavior.
is an exchange system using the principles of operant conditioning where a token is given as a reward for a desired behavior. Tokens may later be exchanged for a desired prize or rewards such as power, prestige, goods, or services.
Token Economy (Contingency Management)
is a form of operant conditioning in which the increasingly accurate approximations of a desired response are reinforced.
Shaping
A type of therapy/approach that is good for shaping the behavior of children
Behavioral Therapy
Types of behavior therapy
Shaping (also operant conditioning),Token Economy (Contingency Management), Positive Punishment (Punishment), Negative Punishment (Penalty) (also called “Punishment by Contingent Withdrawal”), Negative Reinforcement (Escape), Positive Reinforcement (Reinforcement)
A model for understanding how attachment to early caregivers affects our long term functioning
Attachment Theory
How a caregiver responds to an infant/toddler’s cues shapes that child’s view of the world.
Attachment Theory
Change through learning to modify dysfunctional thought patterns
Cognitive Therapy
Used to assess the bond between mother and child. Observing how child responds when caregiver leaves and returns to room.
Poor attachment leads to indiscriminate attachment and lack of trust.
Attachment Theory
Clients explore patterns of thinking and beliefs that lead to self-destructive behaviors.
Cognitive Therapy
Solution-Focused Therapy
Change through accessing client’s strengths and resources
Once an individual understands the relationship between thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, the individual is able to modify or change existing patterns of thinking to cope with stressors in a more positive manner.
Cognitive Therapy
Solution-Focused Therapy
Focuses on what the client wants to achieve instead of focusing on the problems Focuses on the client’s strengths and resources in order to create a more effective future
Focus on automatic thoughts, schemas, assumptions, beliefs Good for Anxiety, Depression, Bipolar Disorder
Cognitive Therapy
Miracle Question
Solution-Focused Therapy
Good for short-term problems
Solution-Focused Therapy
Gestalt Therapy
Change through increased awareness of here-and-now experience
Focuses on the process, what is actually happening, and the content, what is being talked about
Gestalt Therapy
Change through remodeling the family’s organization
Structural Family Therapy
Structural Family Therapy
Many family problems arise as a result of maladaptive boundaries and subsystems within the family system.
Emphasizes what is going on in the present moment within both the client and the therapist rather than what has happened
Gestalt Therapy
A systems approach that address relationship dynamics of whole family
Structural Family Therapy
a form of role playing ex: client reports she is made at her boss, therapist ask consumer to pretend boss is present and then asks client to express her feelings to her “boss”.
“Empty Chair technique”
“Empty Chair technique” an example of what kind of therapy?
Gestalt Therapy
The therapist helps the family understand how family structure (relationships and hierarchies) can be changed, the impact of rituals and rules, and how new patterns of interaction can be integrated into the family.
Structural Family Therapy
Enmeshed families known for incest
Disengaged families known for substance abuse
Structural Family Therapy
Change through understanding multigenerational dynamics
Bowen Family Therapy
Good for families that are having problems with in-laws
Structural Family Therapy
Individuals cannot be understood in isolation from one another but rather as a part of their family.
Family members are driven to achieve a balance of internal and external differentiation, which causes anxiety, triangulation, and emotional cutoff.
Bowen Family Therapy
Change through finding meaning in life
Logotherapy
Founded upon the belief that it is the striving to find a meaning in one’s life that is the primary, most powerful motivating and driving force.
Logotherapy
This can be changed by understanding multigenerational or current family dynamics and patterns.
Bowen Family Therapy
Understanding purpose
Logotherapy
Change through recognizing disempowering social forces and empowering client
Feminist Therapy
Task-Centered/Problem-Solving Therapy
Change through supporting clients to take actions to address the problems in their lives; Short term
The therapist helps the client recognize disempowering forces or influences, a process which can ultimately empower the client.
Feminist Therapy
The therapist recognizes that with every symptom there is a strength, and also shows the client that she is her own rescuer and equal to the therapist.
Feminist Therapy
Focus of help is on client-defined problems and goals; Practitioner is open about purposes and nature of service, eschews hidden agendas.
Task-Centered/Problem-Solving Therapy
Type of therapy good for eating disorders
Feminist Therapy
The client’s problems, goals, and the nature and duration of service are explicitly stated and agreed upon by both practitioner and client.
Task-Centered/Problem-Solving Therapy
Task-Centered/Problem-Solving Therapy
Analysis of a problem leads to consideration of the kinds of actions needed to solve it, what might facilitate those actions, and obstacles standing in the way of their implementation
Aims to change behavioral, emotional, and thinking patterns associated with dysfunction
Dialectical Behavior Theory
Therapy good for lower-functioning individuals: ex. schizophrenia, homeless
Task-Centered/Problem-Solving Therapy
Developed to treat intense emotional swings, impulsiveness, confusion regarding the self (identity), and suicidal behavior
Dialectical Behavior Theory
Change is affected primarily through problem-solving actions or tasks the client and practitioner undertake OUTSIDE the interview. The practitioner helps clients select tasks.
Task-Centered/Problem-Solving Therapy
