Therapietic Modalities Intro Flashcards
T/f: TM used to be a big part of pts POC in PT, but them people stopped using them and now PTs are beginning to use them more again
True
T/f: Pts used to require physicians referral for modalities and physicians viewed PT and modalities as one and the same
True
Are all modalities covered by insurance and reimbursed?
Nope
Should we still use a modality if it is not covered but the patient may benefit from its use?
Yes
What personnel are not authorized to provide outpatient PT services?
AIDS, ATCs, exercise physiologists, lymphedema specialists, low vision specialists, pilates instructors, rehab techs, kinesiotherapists, life skills trainers
T/f: treatment may be reimbursed at a higher rate for faster recovery
True
T/f: if evidence for a modality is peer reviewed, it will be covered and reimbursed by insurance
False
T/f: ES for Bell’s palsy, low level laser therapy, microwave diathermy, infrared, and iontophoresis are modalities that are covered by insurance
False, none of these are covered
T/f: the use of modalities as stand alone treatment is rarely therapeutic and usually not required
True
When symptoms that require modalities begin to subside and fxn improves, the medical record should reflect what?
The discontinuation of the modality and why it was discontinued
What is involved in clinical decision making with when and what modalities to use?
Consider the pts wants and needs
Consider the pts fxnal goals
Consider contraindications, precautions, and warnings
What interventions are in our tool boxes for POC?
Manual therapy
Ther ex
Pt ed
TM
T/f: modalities can be applied with many different parameters, particularly energy dose for different pts and different stages of recovery
True
What are the types of TM?
Thermal
Electromagnetic
Mechanical
What are the types of cold TM?
Ice, cold water, cold packs, vapocoolant sprays
What are the physiological responses to cryotherapy (cold TM)?
Decreased blood flow/tissue metabolism
Increased threshold for pain perception
What are the types of heat TM?
Warm water
Heat packs
US
Diathermy
What are the physiological responses to thermotherapy (heat TM)?
Decreased spasms and pain
Increased blood flow and tissue extensibility
Facilitate tissue healing
What are the types of electromagnetic modalities?
Electrotherapy
Electromagnetic radiation
Diathermy, US, infrared???
What are the effects of electrotherapy?
Strengthen/relax muscle
Neuromuscular re education
Decrease pain and edema
Increase tissue and wound healing
Increase blood flow
What are the applications of electrotherapy?
TENS, NMES, FES, iontophoresis
What are the types of electromagnetic radiation?
Shortwave diathermy
Infrared radiation
What are the effects of electromagnetic radiation?
Increase tissue temp
Promote wound healing
What are the types of mechanical modalities?
Compression
Traction
What are some forms of compression modalities?
Wraps, stockings, garments, compression pumps
What are the effects of compression modalities?
Decreased edema
Promote modeling of scar tissue
T/f: traction can be either manual or mechanical
True
What are the effects of traction?
Decreased compression on structures
What are the clinical applications of TM?
Modulation of pain
Alteration of skeletal muscle performance
Decrease inflammation and facilitate tissue healing
Increase tissue extensibility
How does TM modulate pain?
Gate control theory
How does TM alterate muscle performance?
Increase strength
Decrease spasticity
Retaining
When do we use TM to decrease and facilitate tissue healing?
Inflammatory, proliferation, and maturation stages
What TM can increase tissue extensibility?
Stim and diathermy
What are some ways that modalities can complement other therapies?
Heat b4 stretching
Decrease pain b4 exercise
What are consideration for using the right outcomes?
Consider appropriate measures or techniques
Consider best measurement for each individual
Consider the enigmatic nature of pain
Consider the expected physiologic effects
What are contraindications?
Factors that will harm the pt
Increased risk of an adverse event or undesired outcome and use may be harmful
What are precautions?
The pt may have an adverse event
Factors, findings, or circumstances require special consideration
A situation with some risk of an adverse event
What are warnings?
When the DPT should think about the evidence and the goals of the pt
What some contraindications/precautions for TM?
Compromised/diminished/impaired sensation
Compromised/diminished/impaired cognition or communication
Electronic implants
Pregnancy
Presence or history of cancer
DVT
T/f: it is the student’s responsibility to know the potential to cause harm with a modality
True
What should a student do to know the risk of a TM?
Know and refer to the manuals of the TM being used