Therapeutics

Question 1

What are some drugs that are known to have teratogenic effects?

Answer 1

thalidomide – phocomelia
DES syndrome – causes cervical/vaginal adenocarcinoma + hypogonadism/hypospadias/varicoceles

Question 2

What are some medications that can be used to treat hypermesis?

Answer 2

IV fluids (rehydration)
cariban (B6 + histamine mixture)
antiemetics
steroids
peripheral nutrition

Question 3

What is the first line tx for bacterial meningitis? How would you prescribe it?

Answer 3

ceftriaxone
1-2 g QD given IV

Question 4

What is the first line tx for alcohol withdrawal? How would you prescribe it?

Answer 4

benzodiazepines for acute alcohol withdrawal
chloridazepoxide or lorazepam 25-50 mg PO 1-2 every hour

Question 5

What are the classifications of adverse drug reactions?

Answer 5

augmented (dose related) - ie warfarin + bleeding
bizarre (not dose related)
chronic (persists for a long time)
delayed
end of use

Question 6

What are some examples on non-opioid analgesia?

Answer 6

paracetamol (COX-3inhibition in the brain, producing analgesic effects)
NSAIDs (COX inhibition)

Question 7

What would we prescribe for stronger analgesic effects?

Answer 7

weak opioids - codeine, tramadol
strong opioids - morphine, oxycodone

Question 8

How do we calculate steady state concentration of a drug?

Answer 8

dosing rate (mg/h) / clearance (mL/h)