Therapeutic Exercises

Question 1

3 metabolic pathways

Answer 1

• creatine phosphate
• rapid glycolysis/lactic acid
• aerobic oxidation

Question 2

shorter more intense activity = ___

longer lower intensity = ___

Answer 2

short high intensity = anaerobic energy

longer low intensity = aerobic energy

Question 3

maximal heart rate

Answer 3

hrmax = 220-age

Question 4

normal stroke volume

Answer 4

60-100 ml/beat

max: 100-120
greater in supine, lower in upright

Question 5

normal cardiac output

Answer 5

4-5 l/min

max: 20 l/min

Question 6

normal blood flow

Answer 6

rest: 15-20% co goes to muscles
exercise: 85-90% co goes to muscles

Question 7

normal and abnormal bp

Answer 7

sbp <120, should not exceed 260

dbp <80, should not change or can slightly incerase

Question 8

postural considerations for bp

Answer 8

supine: sbp is lower
upright: sbp increases
dbp does not change

Question 9

t/f hr, sbp, and dbp are higher in leg work than arm work

Answer 9

false, higher in arm work

Question 10

effects of submaximal work

Answer 10

hr decrease
sv increase
co does not change
o2 does not change
lactate decreased

Question 11

effects of maximal work

Answer 11

max hr does not change
sv increase
max co increase
o2 increase
lactate ?

Question 12

t/f resting bp is reduced in hypertensive people after exercise

Answer 12

true

Question 13

effects of exercise on lipid profile

Answer 13

• total cholesterol: dec
• hdl: inc
• ldl: same or dec
• tags: dec

Question 14

t/f stored muscle glycogen decreases after exercsie

Answer 14

false

Question 15

what is detraining

Answer 15

after 4-8 weeks

Question 16

what is overtraining

Answer 16

• prolonged decreased sport specific performance
• > 2 weeks
• fatigability, emotional changes, lack of motivation, infection, overuse injury

Question 17

physical activity readiness questionnaire

Answer 17

• any heart conditions
• chest pain during rest of activity
• dizziness or loss of consciousness
• bone or joint problem
• meds for hcvd

yes to any = further assessment

Question 18

exercises recommended involve ___

Answer 18

large muscle groups

Question 19

intensity recommendation

Answer 19

• at least moderate intensity

- vigorous > 60% max o2 capacity/vo2 max

Question 20

duration recommendation

Answer 20

• duration or total caloric expenditure

- healthy adults: 1000kcal/wk

Question 21

frequency recommendation

Answer 21

3-5 days a week

Question 22

indications for stress test

Answer 22

• suspected cad
• known cad after mi or intervention
• healthy asymptomatic with: high risk occupation, m >40y or women >50y who are sedentary and plan to start exercise, multiple cardiac rfs
• valvular heart disease
• cardiac rhythm disorders

Question 23

type 1 vs type 2 fibers

Answer 23

type 1: slow, oxidative

type 2: fast twitch

Question 24

types of muscle contractions

Answer 24

• concentric (shorten)
• eccentric (lengthen)
• isometric (no change)
• isotonic (changes length, producing limb motion)
• isokinetic (constant velocity)

Question 25

torque velocity relationship

Answer 25

- greatest amount of force: from muscle during fast eccentric or lengthening contractions - least amount of force: fast concentric or shortening muscles fast eccentric > isometric > slow concentric > fast concentric

Question 26

methods of stretching

Answer 26

- ballistic stretching (rapid) - passive (therapy) - static (easiest and safest) - neuromuscular facilitation

Question 27

proprioceptive organs

Answer 27

- muscles (intrafusal spindle fibers) - skin - ligaments - joint capsules

Question 28

what are pylometrics

Answer 28

- brief explosive maneuvers - consist of eccentric muscle contractions followed by concentric contraction - store elastic energy during eccentric phase

Question 29

t/f exercise can reduce risk for gdm and gestational hypertension

Answer 29

true

Question 30

t/f high contact sports and scuba diving is allow in pregnancy

Answer 30

false scuba diving = decompression sickness

Question 31

general guidelines in pregnancy

Answer 31

- mild to moderate exercise - at least 3x per week - avoid supine position

Question 32

red flag symptoms for exercising in pregnant

Answer 32

- vaginal bleeding - dyspnea - headache - chest pain - muscle weakness - calf pain/swelling - preterm labor - dec fetal movements - amniotic fluid leak

Question 33

absolute and relative contraindications to exercise in pregnant

Answer 33

read

Question 34

recommendation for elderly exercise

Answer 34

- 50-80% hr - several 10 min bouts - alternate weight and nonweight - machine > free weights - one set of 8-10 exercises for major muscles

Question 35

recommendations on exercise for hpn

Answer 35

- aerobic moderate - 30-60 min/day - 2-3x/week

Question 36

recommendations for peripheral vascular disease

Answer 36

- weight (3-5 d) + nonweight + resistance (2-3 d) - cycling as warm up - moderate - 30-60 min/day

Question 37

recommendation for dm

Answer 37

- decrease insulin by 1-2 unit or increase carb intake 10-15g/30 mins

Question 38

return to exercise after covid infection

Answer 38

1. symptomatic home management 2. return to function at least 2 weeks since infection 3. return to exercise 4. health promotion patient centered goals 5.