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18 ORR > Radio 1 > Flashcards

Radio 1 Flashcards

1
Q

most commonly radigraphed aprt of the body in the ER

A

cervical spine

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2
Q

t/f precautionary radiogaphs are not justified

A

true. trauma but no neuro deficits, likely no fracture

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3
Q

lines in the cerival spine

A

1: alignment of tissues
2: alignment of ant border of cervical vertebral bodies
3: alignment of post border of cervical vertebral bodies
4: connecting junction of lamina at spinous process (spinolaminar line – posterior central canal and spinal cord)

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4
Q

acceptable distance between ant arch of c and odontoid process of c2

A

2.5 cm

> 2.5 cm = subluxation

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5
Q

what is a jefferson fracture

A
  • from blow on top of head
  • splitting of c1 ring (> 1 location)
  • need ct
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6
Q

what is hangmans fracture

A
  • from hyperextension and distraction

- fracture of post parts of c2 with displacement ant to c3

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7
Q

what is clay shoveler’s fracture

A
  • fracture of c6 and c7 spinous process

- avulsion fracture of spinous process by supraspinous ligament

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8
Q

what is flexion teardrop fracture

A
  • compression of vertebral body with subluxation and disruption of the posterior ligaments
  • assoc w spinal cord injury
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9
Q

what is the seatbelt fracture!!

A
  • hyperflexion at the level of the waist
  • compression fracture of vertebral body
  • chance fracture: line extends through the posterior elements
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10
Q

t/f >30% decrease in anterior height of vertebral body is considered a wedging deformity

A

true

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11
Q

what is spondylolysis

A
  • break in pars interarticularis (collar/neck of scotty dog)
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12
Q

what is spondylolysthesis

A
  • movement/displacement of one vertebral body relative to another (!ant!)
  • bilateral spondylolysis
  • pseudospondylolysis
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13
Q

what is bennett’s fracture

A

less complicated fracture of base of thumb involving articular surfacae

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14
Q

what is rolando’s fracture

A
  • more severe and comminuted
  • extends beyond articular surface
  • reqs surgery
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15
Q

what is mallet finger

A
  • avulsion injury at dorsal aspect of the base of the distal phalanx
  • tx: internal fixation
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16
Q

what is gamekeeper’s thumb

A
  • avulsion injury of the ulnar collateral ligament at ulnar side of first mcp joint
  • tx: internal fixation
17
Q

what is lunate-perilunate dislocation

A
  • lunate: only lunate dislocated
  • perilunate: only lunate bone is aligned, others are posteriorly displaced
  • fall on outstretched arm
18
Q

most common carpal fracture

A

scaphoid fracture

  • fall on outstretched hand
  • avascular necrosis
19
Q

plastic bowing deformity

A
  • only in children
  • force causes bending instead of fracture
  • untreated = reduced supination and pronation
20
Q

what is colles fracture

A
  • fall on outstretched hand

- fracture distal radius with dorsal angulation

21
Q

what is smith fracture

A
  • fracture of distal radius with volar angulation
22
Q

what is monteggia fracture

A
  • ulnar fracture with dislocation of radial head
23
Q

what is galleazi fracture

A
  • fracture of radius with dislocation of distal ulna
24
Q

most common sign of elbow fractures

A

posterior fat pad sign

25
Q

common part of elbow fracture adult vs pedia

A

adult: radial head
pedia: supracondylar area

26
Q

what is anterior shoulder dislocation

A
  • humeral head is displaced medially and inferiorly
  • hill sach’s deformity: indentation in posterior portion of humeral head
  • bankart deformity: irregularity or fragment of the anterior portion of inferior glenoid fossa
  • need ct or mri
27
Q

what is posterior shoulder dislocation

A
  • absence of crescent sign on shoulder ap
  • !!cause: seizure
  • bilateral injury
28
Q

stress fractures in sacrum

A
  • insufficiency fractures
  • pt is osteoporotic or radiation therapy = weak bone
  • plain xray -> bone scan, scintigraphy, mri
29
Q

what is hip dislocation

A
  • ball of hip joint is pushed outside socket
  • auto collisions or high impact fall
  • look for other rim fractures
30
Q

types of femoral neck fractures

A
  • subcapital: beneath or along transition of femoral neck and femoral head, can cause avascular necrosis
  • transcervical: along femoral neck
  • intertrochanteric!!
  • subtrochanteric: 5 cm below lesser trochanter
31
Q

what is lisfranc fracture dislocation

A
  • space between first and second metatarsal bones
  • misalignment with middle cuneiform
  • check alignment of cuneiform bone with medial border of second metatarsal

18 ORR (21 decks)

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