Therapeutic Communication

Question 1

therapeutic communication

Answer 1

• dynamic, interactive process consisting of words/actions
• entered into by a clinician and client
• purpose is achieving identified health-related goals
• verbal and non-verbal
• metacommunication enhances understanding

Question 2

linear communication models

Answer 2

• sender sends message
• receiver gets message and listens
• receiver provides feedback
  draw this out, slide #5

Question 3

traditional transactional communication model

Answer 3

draw this out

slide #6

Question 4

noise

Answer 4

• obstacles to effective communication
• distractions
• smells
• being uncomfortable
• personal stress
• pain

Question 5

text’s transactional communication skill model

Answer 5

draw this out slide #7

• emphasis on holistic perspective
• client centered
• rules and boundaries
• individualized strategies
• goal directed

Question 6

4 requirements of dialogue

Answer 6

• turn taking
• connecting
• mutual influence
• co-creating outcomes

Question 7

turn taking

Answer 7

• interactive
• give and take
• mutual learning vs monologue
• seeking greater understanding
• facing problems ad finding opportunities

Question 8

connecting

Answer 8

• each part of the communication needs to be connected
• helpers comments linked to clients statements
• engaged

Question 9

mutual influence

Answer 9

• open to being influenced by what the client says (vice versa)
• help clients to be open to new learning
• social influence dimension of counselling

Question 10

co-creating outcomes

Answer 10

• helper serves as catalyst for client to fins their own answers
• neither party truly knows what outcomes will be
• effective helpers leave their mark but clients change themselves

Question 11

concepts/outcomes of client-centred communication (6)

Answer 11

• fostering healing relationships
• exchanging information
• responding to emotions
• managing uncertainty
• making decisions
• enabling patient self-management

Question 12

the art of listening (5)

Answer 12

• listening to clients story
• listening to clients point of view
• listening to clients decisions
• listening to clients intentions and proposals
• hearing opportunities and resources

Question 13

listening to clients story

Answer 13

• experiences
• behaviour
• affect

Question 14

listening to clients point of view

Answer 14

• persons estimation of something
• those related to problem situations or underdeveloped opportunities are relevant
• when full, includes reasons, illustrations, and the strength it is held

Question 15

listening to clients decisions

Answer 15

• implications usually
• may be stated indirectly
• how delivered reflects on the decision
• fully sharing includes the decision, reasons, implications, and how strongly held it is

Question 16

listening to clients intensions and proposals

Answer 16

• part of making a case for a course of action

- full understanding includes the course of action, the reasons for doing it, and the implications

Question 17

hearing opportunities and resources

Answer 17

• hearing only about problems will lead to further discussion of problems
• every client has something going well
• help to develop these resources

Question 18

demonstrating active listening (8)

Answer 18

• minimal cues
• clarification
• reststatement
• paraphrasing
• reflection
• summarization
• silence
• touch*

Question 19

when to clarify

Answer 19

• need to consider information as needed
• detail needed
• ambiguity/vague

Question 20

restatement

Answer 20

• used as a form of challenge
• can be an approach to clarify to ensure the nurse heard
• addresses an important part of the message so the client can reconsider unhelpful thinking/understanding

Question 21

paraphrasing

Answer 21

• normally at cognitive level
• a shorter form
• demonstrates understanding, paying attention, and an opportunity to check understanding
• can be used to focus on a key message

Question 22

reflection

Answer 22

• normally at emotional level
• validation of feelings
• check for accuracy
• strategy to see this as offering highlights or empathic highlights

Question 23

key building blocks of emotional accuracy

Answer 23

• right family of emotions and right intensity
• mindful of expressed vs discussed feelings
• note non-verbal feelings/emotions
• be sensitive when naming emotions
• use varying approach
• find balance between ignoring vs over-emphasis on feelings

Question 24

key building blocks for empathic highlight

Answer 24

• respond to key behaviours and feelings

- communicate understanding of points of view

Question 25

types of questions

Answer 25

• statements (request further clarity) “its not clear to me”
• requests “tell me more about”
• open/closed
• single words “can’t?”

Question 26

negative listening responses (7)

Answer 26

• false reassurance
• giving advice
• false inferences
• overgeneralization
• moralizing
• value judgments
• social responses

Question 27

verbal responses (5)

Answer 27

• matching response (mirror)
• simple, correct language
• establishing focus
• giving feedback
• validation

Question 28

other forms of communication (5)

Answer 28

• touch (may comfort)
• metaphors/analogies (may clarify)
• humour (can increase comfort)
• reframing
• technology

Question 29

active listening

Answer 29

• intentional form of listening
• results in fewer incidents of misunderstanding
• results in more accurate comprehensive data, and stronger health relationships