(THER) Antiplatelet Drugs Flashcards
Function of platelet factor 3
Reinforces clotting
What is the hallmark activation process in hemostasis?
Endothelial damage
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is released from…
Light (alpha) granules
Name the key ADP Receptor inhibitors (3). What is their general function?
- Ticlopidine (Ticlid)
- Clopidogrel (Plavix)
- Prasugrel (Effient)
They are used to keep platelets from aggregating/activating. Very important for cardiovascular disease.
Route of administration for GPIIb/IIIa Inhibitors
IV
What can cause Aspirin resistance and what might the effect be?
Aspirin resistance may be due to a COX polymorphism. It may be a cause of recurrent ischemic vascular events in patients taking aspirin.
Clopidogrel function
It is an ADP Receptor Inhibitor which competively binds the ADP receptor so that ADP cannot.
What do you give a patient if they do not respond to clopidogrel?
What is the overall function of these drugs?
Prasugrel (Effient)
Inhibition of platelet aggregation via inhibition of ADP receptors
List the main clinical applications of antiplatelet drugs (7)
- Transient ischemic attack
- Complete stroke
- Acute MI
- Unstable Angina
- Saphenous vein bypass grafts
- Peripheral arterial disease (PAOD, intermittent claudication)
- Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Main MOA for Aspirin
Aspirin blocks COX conversion of Arachidonic acid thereby blocking the formation of thromboxanes from the platelets as well as prostaglandin from the smooth muscle cells. This thereby prevents aggregation and vasoconstriction.
Arachidonic Acid is metabolized by what (2) major pathways? What are the products of each metabolism type? What other enzyme is involved with AA metabolism?
- Cyclooxygenase pathway (leads to prostaglandins)
- Lipoxygenase pathway (leads to leukotrienes)
Epoxygenase
Function of Leukotrienes
Very important agents in the inflammatory response. They have a powerful effect in bronchoconstriction and also increase vascular permeability.
Basic Pharmacology of Fish Oil (active ingredient, basic MOA)
AI: Omega-3 fatty acids
MOA: Membrane effects, thromboxane A3 (a less potent thromboxane) formation. This leads to less vasoconstriction and platelet aggregation.
Which enzyme is responsible for the formation of arachidonic acid?
Phospholipase A2
Clopidogrel MOA and Route
ADP receptor inhibitor
Oral
