Theorists Test

Question 1

according to Freud, this aspect of personality ensures that impulses can be expressed in a way that is acceptable in the real world

Answer 1

Ego

Question 2

believed that personality develops through stages that included a psychological crisis. if the crisis was met in a positive way, the child develops maturity

Answer 2

Erikson

Question 3

according to Maslow, people need a secure job to meet the need in this part of the hierarchy

Answer 3

safety

Question 4

believed that nature was more important than nurture, was one of the first to develop research on milestones children should meet

Answer 4

Gesell

Question 5

this theorist studied ecological systems theory which includes several environmental systems such as microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, chronosystem

Answer 5

Bronfenbrenner

Question 6

believes that children learn by modeling, so caregivers need to provide good examples; be good role models

Answer 6

Bandura

Question 7

according to Maslow, people have respect of others to meet the need in this part of the hierarchy

Answer 7

esteem

Question 8

according to Maslow, people need strong friendships to meet the need in this part of the heirarchy

Answer 8

love/belonging

Question 9

according to Freud, this aspect of personality strives for immediate satisfaction of needs

Answer 9

Id

Question 10

this theorist studied linguistics, has been called the father of modern linguistics

Answer 10

Chomsky

Question 11

believes that children learn moral behavior by seeing their parents practice moral behavior

Answer 11

Coles

Question 12

Believes that caregivers can give rewards and punishments as a way to influence a child’s behavior

Answer 12

Skinner

Question 13

During this stage of Ericksons theory children gain a sense of personal control and independence

Answer 13

Autonomy versus shame and doubt

Question 14

During this stage children are egocentric and beginning to use words and pictures to represent objects

Answer 14

Pre operational

Question 15

This theorist often used animals to do demonstrate classical conditioning– if offering food makes a dog salivate, offering the food with the buzzer several times than removing the food and only sounding the buzzer will eventually make the dogs salivate

Answer 15

Pavlov

Question 16

Freud believed that personality developed through these specific aspects

Answer 16

Id, ego, superego

Question 17

Believed that children are natural learners that they should have real items that are their size to use in learning that they learn best by pursuing their interests

Answer 17

Montessori

Question 18

The preoperational stage is during this age range

Answer 18

2-7 years

Question 19

This theorists believe that moral reasoning goes through six stages of responding progressively to moral dilemmas

Answer 19

Kohlberg

Question 20

Children learn best through their senses

Answer 20

Sensory table

Question 21

According to maslow people are able to be creative problem-solvers, are free of prejudice in this part of the hierarchy

Answer 21

Self actualization

Question 22

During this stage of Ericksons theory children begin asserting power and control over their environment which leads to a sense of purpose

Answer 22

Initiative vs guilt

Question 23

Believed that children should be given learning tasks that match their stage of thinking

Answer 23

Piaget

Question 24

The concrete operations stage is during this age range

Answer 24

7-11 years

Question 25

During this stage children’s thinking becomes more logical and organized but is still very concrete they begin to learn the concept of conservation

Answer 25

Concrete operations

Question 26

The sensorimotor stage is during this age range

Answer 26

Birth to 2

Question 27

During this stage children can think abstractly and can reason about hypothetical problems

Answer 27

Formal operations

Question 28

During this stage of Ericksons theory children learn to trust caregivers when they provide reliable care and affection

Answer 28

Trust versus mistrust

Question 29

The formal operational stage is during this age range

Answer 29

11+

Question 30

According to Freud this aspect of personality provides guidelines for making judgments our sense of right or wrong

Answer 30

Superego

Question 31

According to Maslow people need to meet the need for hunger in this part of his hierarchy

Answer 31

Physiological

Question 32

Believed that social interaction is important to cognitive development

Answer 32

Vygotsky

Question 33

according to this theorist, if a lower level of need is not met, you cannot reach the next stage

Answer 33

Maslow