Theories Of Social Development Presentation Flashcards
Characteristixs of psychoanalytic theories
Discontinuous
Early experiences shape later development
Individual differences are internal forces
Freuds Id
Immediate BIOLOGICAL drive that seeks immediate satisfaction
Freud’s superego
EXPERIENCE internalized importance Ex parents Angel Developed at personal age Modern moral development
Freud’s ego
NURTURE
Mediator/ rational problem solving
Sense of self from childhood interraction
Eriksons psychosexual development
Emphasized social relationships
Must achieve stage crisis before moving on to the next
Eirksons stages 1-5
Basic trust vs mistrust (1yr) attachment
Autonomy vs shame + doubt (1-3.5)
Initiative vs Guilt (4-6)
Industry vs Inferiority aka hard worker vs passive (6-puberty)
Identity vs role confusion (adolescence to early adult)
Characteristics of learning theories
Emphasizes nurture
Continuous change
Individual differences = external factors
Watsons behaviorism
Blank slate
All environment
Environmental Determinism
Kids are passive
Objectively observed behaviors
Performance = knowledge
Little albert exp- reinforcement of fear
BF Skinner’s Operant Conditioning
Reinforcement = repeating behaviors with favorable outcomes and suppressing the punishable one
Partial reinforcement
Most effective
Ex casinos
Social Learning Theory
Bandura
Learning through observation and imitation
Reciprocal determinism
Behavior is influenced by personal factors and social environment
Bobo Doll Study
Kids watch adults interact with doll
Violent vs kind - imitated actions
Reward vs Consequence of Bobo Doll
yields same results
Consequences of bobo doll exp
Decreased behavior
More so in girls than boys
Reciprocal determinism in bullying
Effective once
Do it again
Adopted
Socially isolated and refrained from learnigg again
How to prevent bullying
Consequences
Environment where kids can fight back
Characteristics of ethological and evolutionary studies
Active child
Continuous
Sociocultural
Nature AND nurture
Ethology
Attempts to understand behavior by survival value (innate patterns)
Imprinting
Bond formed in critical period
Humans = attachment to caregivers as a secure base
Contributions of Attachment Theory
Foundation/ working model for all relationships
Caregiver regulates and organizes infant behavior
Evolutionary Psychology
Darwinian view
Ex big head size
Playing is a learning platform
Parental investment theory
Sacrifice self to perpetuate genes
Ex chose to reproduce
Bioecological model
Emphasizes childs active role
Nature and nurture interaction
