Moral Development Presentatiom

Question 1

Prosocial behavior

Answer 1

Any action that benefits other people

Question 2

Altruism

Answer 2

Concern for welfare of others expressed through prosocial behavior

Question 3

Definitions of altruism

Answer 3

Behavioral (actions) under 12

Motivational (intent) adultd

Question 4

Biological perspective

Answer 4

Evolutionary, genetics,
Brain area (some people have more empathy)

Question 5

Psychoanalytic perspective

Answer 5

Freud - superego + guilt

Today - empathy based guilt

Question 6

Social learning persoective

Answer 6

Modeling moral behavior

Question 7

Behaviorist perspective

Answer 7

Rewards and punishment

Question 8

Cognitive development perspective

Answer 8

Children are active thinks about social rules

Question 9

Inductive discipline

Answer 9

Notice others are feeling distressed

Point out effects of behavior - make clear child caused it

Question 10

Conscience

Answer 10

Promotes complying to adult rules even when not modified

Internalized discipline - feel guilty when behavior fails (develops ages 2-6)

Question 11

Equifinality

Answer 11

Idea that multiple developmental pathways lead to the same result (mental disorder)

Question 12

Piagets theory

Answer 12

Observed kids playing games and developed a stage theory

Question 13

Moral dilemma

Answer 13

Value of outcome vs intent

Question 14

Heteronomous morality

Answer 14

5-8 judges wrongness by outcomes

Views rules as permanent and unchangeable and requires strict obedience

Question 15

Morality of Cooperation

Answer 15

(9+) rules are socially agreed, flexible judge in on outcomes and intentions

Question 16

Transitional period stage

Answer 16

Increased interaction with peers teaches cooperation and fairness

Question 17

Kohlbergs theory of moral judgement

Answer 17

Interviewed children and focused on their reasoning or choice

Question 18

Kohlbergs preconventional leve

Answer 18

1. Punishment and obedience
   Morals depend on consequences
2. Instrumental purpose

Question 19

Kohlbergs conventional level

Answer 19

3. Good boy - good girl (morality of cooperations pleases and maintains good)
4. Social order / law and order maintaining (fulfilling duties)

Question 20

PostconventionL / principled level

Answer 20

5. Social contract - interest of group and will of majority

6. Universal Ethical principles - self chose human rights

Question 21

Is kohlberg applicable to non western socieities

Answer 21

Postconventional is not found in communal socieities
Moral behavior varies by culture
Those who feel subordinate have few choices and show greater moral obligation towards obedience

Question 22

3 Areas of Ethics

Answer 22

1. Community - help achieve dignity by virtue if role and position in society (duty/ independence)
2. Autonomy - protect individual in pursuit of gratification of wants
3. Divinity - maintain integrity of spiritual human nature

Question 23

Is moral development discontinuous?

Answer 23

Back and forth

Overlapping waves

Question 24

Moral reasoning + moral conduct

Answer 24

Moderate relstionship - higher moral reasoning is more likely to have prosocial behaviors
Both incresse with age