Theories of Social Development Flashcards
What are the 2 psychoanalytic theories of social development
- Freud’s psychosexual stages
2. Erikson’s psychsocial stages
What are the 2 learning theories of social development
- Skinner’s operant conditioning
2. Bandura’s social learning theory
What are 3 theories of social cognition
- Selman’s stage theory of role taking
- Dodge’s information processing theory of social problem solving
- Dweck’s theory of self attributions and achievement motivation
What is 1 ecological theory of development
- Bronfenbenner’ s ecological system theory
What are the 5 stages of psychosexual development
- oral
- anal
- phallic
- latency
- genital
What is the oral stage of psychosexual development
0-1yrs
focus on sucking, spitting and biting
What is the anal stage of psychosexual development
1-3yrs
focus on anus
What is the phallic stage of psychosexual developmentn
3-6
oedius and electra complex
What is the latency stage of psychosexual development
6 to puberty
identify with same sex parent
What is the genital stage of psychosexual development
puberty to adulthood
sexual impulses arise again
What are the 8 stages to Erikson’s psychosocial theory
- trust vs mistrust
- autonomy vs shame and doubt
- initiative vs guilt
- industry vs inferiority
- identity vs role confusion
- intimacy vs isolation
- generativity vs stagnation
- ego integrity vs despair
What is the trust vs mistrust stage of psychosocial theory
birth - 18 months
feeding is important.
develop a sense of trust when caregivers provide care and affection
What is the autonomy vs shame and doubt stage of psychosocial theory
2-3 yrs
potty training is important
need to develop a sense of control over physical skills and have a sense of independence. success leads to autonomy
What is the initiative vs guilt stage of psychosocial theory
3-5 yrs
exploration is important
begin asserting control over environment
What is the industry vs inferiority stage of psychosocial development
6-11
school is important
need to cope with social and academic demands.
What is the identity vs role confusion stage of psychosocial development
12-18
social relationships are important
need to develop a personal identity. success leads to the ability to stay true to yourself
What is the intimacy vs isolation stage of psychosocial development
19-40
relationships are important
need to form intimate bonds. success leads to strong relationships
What is the generativity vs stagnation stage of psychosocial development
40-65
work and parenthood are important
need to nurture things that will outlast them e.g children.
what is the ego integrity vs despair stage of psychosocial development
65-death
reflection on life is important
need to look back and life and see fulfillment
What is bandura’s social learning theory
children learn by observing others
do not imitate all behaviours they observe
learn through reinforcement and punishment of others behaviour
What are the 5 stages of Selman’s stage theory of role taking
- undifferentiated perspective taking
- social informational perspective taking
- self reflective perspective taking
- third party perspective taking
- societal perspective taking
What is the undiffertiated perspective taking stage of Selman’s stage theory of role taking
3-6yrs
assume people have the same wants
What is the social informational perspective taking stage of Selman’s stage theory of role taking
5-9yrs
know people have different views as they have different information
What is the self reflective perspective taking stage of Selman’s stage theory of role taking
7-12yrs
can see things from another point of view
What is the third party perspective taking stage of Selman’s stage theory of role taking
10-15
can imagine things from a bystanders perspective
What is the societal perspective taking stage of Selman’s stage theory of role taking
14-adulthood
understand that third party views are influenced by cultural norms and values
What is Skinner’s operant conditioning theory of social development
behaviour is under enironmental control
repeat behaviours that are seen as favourable as they are reinforced and avoid behaviours that are seen as unfavourable as they are punished
What are the 6 stages of Dodge;s information processing theory
- encoding cues
- interpreting cues
- clarifying goals
- accessing or constructing possible responses
- deciding on a response
- acting on the chosen response
What is Dweck’s theory of self attributions and achievement motivation
growth mindset - attribute success and failure to the amount of effort put in and amount of persitance
fixed mindset - attribute success and failure to ability and give up in the face of failure
What is Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory
- microsystem
- mesosystem
- exosystem
- macrosystem
each system has a different level of influence
What are 2 examples of a mesosystem
- immediate family
2. school
What is an example of a microsystem
the individual
What are 2 examples of a exosystem
- friends and neighbours
2. workplace
What are 2 examples of a macrosystem
- laws
2. values
