Theories of learning Flashcards

1
Q

Operant conditioning

A

Used to shape behaviour through the reinforcement of correct behaviour, and through weakening incorrect actions

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2
Q

Positive reinforcement

A

A Encourages correct behaviour and strengthens the stimulus-response bond (praise)

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3
Q

Negative reinforcement

A

A Encourages correct behaviour through removing a negative stimulus. Strengthens the S-R bond

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4
Q

Punishment

A

Used to discourage incorrect behaviour, and is used to weaken the S-R bond

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5
Q

What are the main features of
‘insight learning’?

A

Using experience and understanding to solve problems relating to the whole skill. Instead of trail and error, it encourages performers to apply their sporting knowledge to the situation

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6
Q

How does insight learning positively impact on performers

A

Provides self-satisfaction and motivation due to the performer working out the problem independently.

Helps the performer to develop a better understanding of skills and scenarios

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7
Q

What are the stages of observational learning?
(ARMM)

A

Attention
Retention
Motor production
Motivation

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8
Q

Attention

A

The performer pays attention to the action/skill

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9
Q

Retention

A

Stores the memory of the action in the memory to retrieve when replicating the skill in the future

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10
Q

Motor production

A

Replicating the skill/action

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11
Q

Motivation

A

Willing to practice and complete the skill

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12
Q

How can you make demonstrations more likely to be copied? (6)

A
  • Performed by a role model or someone of a similar ability
  • Reinforced and consistent demonstrations
  • Visually powerful to ensure the performers are paying attention
  • Accurate demonstration with clear instructions
  • Make it relevant to the performer
  • Ensure it is within the performers ability level
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13
Q

What is social development theory?

A

Learning by association with others. Skills can be learned from more knowledgeable others. (MKO)

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14
Q

What are the stages within the zone of proximal development? (3)

A
  1. What can I do alone?
  2. What can I do with help?
  3. What can I not do yet?
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