Theories of Education

Question 1

functionalism evidence

Answer 1

Parsons, Durkheim, Davis & Moore

Question 2

marxism evidence

Answer 2

Althusser, Bowles & Gintis, Bourdieu

Question 3

feminism evidence

Answer 3

McCabe, Kelly, Cully

Question 4

new right evidence

Answer 4

Chubb & Moe, Education Reform Act 1988 (curriculum, league tables, OFSTED)

Question 5

interactionism evidence

Answer 5

Duckworth, Rosenthal & Jacobsen, Francis, Mizra, Gillborn and Youdell, Sewell

Question 6

Durkheim

Answer 6

social solidarity is essential for the survival of society and maintaining value consensus

Question 7

Parsons

Answer 7

education as a bridge between family and society due to a shift of particularistic->universalistic values

Question 8

Davis & Moore

Answer 8

describe how schools organise pupils into appropriate occupations by identifying the most able pupils

Question 9

Althusser

Answer 9

school as agency of transmitting capitalistic ideology as an ideological state apparatus

Question 10

Bowles & Gintis

Answer 10

• how the hidden curriculum ensures social reproduction to maintain a capitalistic society
• correspondence theory between school and work

Question 11

Bourdieu

Answer 11

myth of meritocracy to justify inequality through role allocation

Question 12

Kelly

Answer 12

hierarchy structure within schools to justify societal hierarchies

Question 13

McCabe

Answer 13

symbolic annihilation: invisibility of women in the curriculum

Question 14

Cully

Answer 14

girls made to feel uncomfortable in male subject areas

Question 15

Chubb and Moe

Answer 15

marketisation policies help to raise standards in education

Question 16

Rosenthal & Jacobsen

Answer 16

self fulfilling prophecy

Question 17

Mizra, Sewell, Gillborn & Youdell

Answer 17

evidence of racist teacher labelling

Question 18

Chombsky (AO3)

Answer 18

P-M offers no factual evidence to support

Question 19

functionalism socialisation AO3

Answer 19

• marxism: values of capitalism

- post mod: x uni values, diluted by various opinion

Question 20

functionalism role allocation AO3

Answer 20

• link between qualifications and earnings x consistent
• feminism, pay gap
• politicians and private education
• myth of meritocracy

Question 21

marxism socialisation AO3

Answer 21

• functionalism: social solidarity
• lack of evidence and theoretically based
• post mod: now other ways to express ability
• too deterministic

Question 22

marxism role allocation AO3

Answer 22

• functionalism: benefits society & economy
• Willis: relies on blind acceptance and conformity
• work readiness of school leavers

Question 23

marxism AO3

Answer 23

\+ challenges meritocracy and inequality
\+ explains differential achievement
\+ highlights ideology
- ignores gender/ ethnicity
-ignores education as an escape route for w/c

Question 24

liberal feminism AO3

Answer 24

• radical: not critical enough of masculine systems
• women choose courses that lead to low paid work
• men more likely to get top oxford degrees

Question 25

marxist feminism AO3

Answer 25

+ still many gendered attitudes in schools

• many issues are addressed in equality legislation
• key issue= underperformance of boys

Question 26

radical feminism AO3

Answer 26

• too general, not all men are rapists
• determinism
• overlooks social change

Question 27

feminism AO3

Answer 27

+ gender pay gap, glass ceiling

-education is increasingly female dominated

Question 28

new right AO3

Answer 28

+ shows realistic improvements and influences policy

• if GCSE results improve, how strong is the link of competition between schools
• is there really a choice of schools? priviledged choosers and selection by mortgage

Question 29

interactionism AO3

Answer 29

+ based on evidence and results that can be used to invoke change comp to structural theories

• small scale = not representative
• good practice in schools to differentiate by ability due to marketisation

Question 30

post modernism AO3

Answer 30

• Chomsky: offers no factual evidence to support

- marxism: overlooks structural inequality and offers no clear to policy to help