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Sociology P1, Eduqas > Socialisation key words > Flashcards

Socialisation key words Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Achieved status

A

is the result of effort and choice, e.g gaining qualifications

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2
Q

Ascribed status

A

largely fixed and unchangeable, e.g gender/ethnicity

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3
Q

Bedroom culture

A

existence of a culture of femininity based on a close relationship with their best friend and ideology of romance. the culture of femininity exists mainly in private spaces

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4
Q

Border-work

A

the marking of gender boundaries between groups

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5
Q

Brasian

A

an eg of hybrid identity derived from blending brtish and asian cultures

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6
Q

Canalisation

A

boys and girls are channelled into gender roles through appropriate activities

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7
Q

Canteen culture

A

associated with the police force but does exist in all workplaces, learnt through the hidden curriculum and involves informal socialisation

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8
Q

Catharsis

A

screen violence can actually provide a safe outlet for people’s aggressive tendencies

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9
Q

Civic nationalism

A

can unite different groups of people together so they feel pride in their country eg USA, children salute national flag every morning

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10
Q

Collective conscience

A

shared norms/values, ideas around right and wrong

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11
Q

Collectivist cultures

A

often non-western, tend to emphasis belonging to the group as more important than personal freedom

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12
Q

Conspicuous consumption

A

buying extravagant consumer goods to provide status

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13
Q

Cultural capital

A

the cultural background of the middle/upper classes- leisure activities, taste, language, qualification, attitudes and values. can operate to provide an advantage eg education

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14
Q

Cultural diversity

A

differences between cultures/societies in terms of norms, values, beliefs, rituals eg western societies practice monogamy whereas many collectivist cultures practice polygyny

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15
Q

Ethnocentric curriculum

A

the formal curriculum has a focus on predominantly European and white history

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16
Q

Formal social control

A

processes where people are deliberately and consciously manipulated to ensure they learn to follow the rules, can occur through education (children taught to obey authority)

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17
Q

Globalisation

A

process whereby the world has become smaller as we are increasingly connected

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18
Q

Habitus

A

different class groups share a similar way of thinking and behaving which are often internalised

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19
Q

Hidden curriculum

A

informal socialisation within schools, which involves norms, values, attitudes you learn through the experience of attending school

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20
Q

Hybrid identities

A

individuals who mix a number of different identities together eg dual heritage/ black british

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21
Q

Hypodermic syringe model

A

media influence is viewed in a similar way to the effect of drugs on the human body, exposure to the media can directly influence behaviour

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22
Q

“I”

A

represents the internal personality and desires and most of the time is influenced by the “me”

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23
Q

Individualistic cultures

A

cultures that tend to emphasis personal freedom and gain, sometimes at the expense of others

24
Q

Informal social control

A

a process whereby people learn societal culture through watching and learning from others around them, though experince

25
Q

Little englanders

A

group who identify themselves as english and a significant proportion openly admit to being racially prejudice

26
Q

Looking glass self

A

our sense of identity, who we are is a reflection of how others see us

27
Q

Master status

A

this is a status that is so important it overrides other statuses held eg diability, gender, ethnicity, sexuality- often subject to discrimination

28
Q

“me”

A

where we imagine how others see us, represents the influence of society upon our behaviour

29
Q

Material culture

A

physical things that people create and attach emotional meaning to eg clothing, housing, food

30
Q

Mcdonaldisation of culture

A

western culture and brands have increasingly spread throughout the world

31
Q

Mcdonaldisation of work

A

describes how workers in certain industries, eg fast food, were trained not to show initiative. describes the increasing standardisation of working practices

32
Q

Neo-tribe

A

loose groupings of young people who come together in a particular setting to express particular tastes. they are not a coherent group and adopt different identities in different settings

33
Q

Non-material culture

A

ideas/values that people share eg rules, traditions, languages and history

34
Q

National identity

A

the feeling of being part of a larger community in the form of a nation, which gives a sense of purpose and meaning to people’s lives as well as a sense of belonging

35
Q

Nurture

A

behaviour is determined by enviroment, culture eg you learn how to act

36
Q

Nature

A

behaviour is determined by your biology/genes eg you are born that way

37
Q

Particularistic values

A

where an individual is treated as an individual within the family

38
Q

Personal identity

A

how you see yourself, the tthings that make you an individual eg talkative

39
Q

Pick and mix identities

A

individuals can change their identity as and when they want

40
Q

Plasticity

A

recognition that our behaviour is socially constructed and can be moulded in many different ways through socialisation

41
Q

Primary socialisation

A

process of learning culture, how to be human, takes place within the family

42
Q

Private patriarchy

A

male domination and control within the home eg through segregated conjugal roles, domestic violence

43
Q

Public patriarchy

A

male domination and control within mainstream society, through the media, employment, within the community eg fear of crime

44
Q

Reference/ peer group

A

those of a similar status/age, whose opinion is important to the child and with which the child compares themselves

45
Q

Roles

A

define the xpected behaviour patterns of norms for those with particular status eg students to behave differently comp to teachers

46
Q

Secondary socialisation

A

process of learning wider societal values, takes place outside the home

47
Q

Sensitisation

A

exposure to the effects of violence may make us more aware of its consequences and so less inclined to commit violent acts

48
Q

Socially constructed

A

created or influenced by society

49
Q

Social identity

A

concerning the groups you belong to, how others see you eg female, muslim

50
Q

Social solidarity

A

social unity, feeling ties to something bigger than yourself, that you belong and are part of a group

51
Q

Status

A

social position someone has in society; based on how others perceive an individuals role and how much power it may have

52
Q

Sub-culture

A

group who may hold different norms and values, attitudes to those of mainstream society

53
Q

Symbolic capital

A

status, respect, recognition and approval within society; term is used by archer to refer to status given to w/c girls for physical appearance and challenging behaviour to teachers

54
Q

Under-class

A

social group at the bottom of the social class structure, its members are cut off and excluded from the rest of society

55
Q

Universalistic values

A

where an individual is treated according to standards which apply to everyone eg rules around correct uniform

56
Q

Values

A

linked to the concept of non-material culture, beliefs about what is right and wrong in the world and based on widespread agreement

57
Q

Verbal appellations

A

language used to reinforce gender stereotypes eg girls- angel/princess and boys- little monsters

Sociology P1, Eduqas (18 decks)

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