Theories of Development Flashcards
When were countries classified into HICs and LICs
1970s
What organisation refined the categorisation HICs / LICs
World Bank
How many live in moderate poverty today?
2.8billion
Living on how much daily classifies you as living in moderate poverty?
$2daily
Since when has extreme poverty been decreasing?
since 1980s
Since 1980 what has the % in extreme poverty dropped from?
40% to 20%
Why is the absolute number in extreme poverty still high?
due to population growth
What X3 factors did Todaro classify as development?
- living standards
- social, political and economic policy promoting respect
- freedom and choices
When was the Brandt Line devised?
1981
Advantage of Brandt Line
simple, easy to interpret
When did Malaysia undergo rapid development?
1980s
Example of a country in the ‘poor south’ which is one of the world’s leading economies
Singapore
Disadvantage of the Brandt line in relation to progress
is outdated
isn’t flexible to allow for development - e.g Malaysia
What does the Brandt line use to classify countries?
GDP only
When was Rostow’s model devised?
1960s
How many countries was Rostow’s model based on?
15 Western countries
what does Rostow’s model suggest
all countries have the capacity to break out of the poverty cycle
what does Rostow’s model not take into account
non-economic factors
e.g population growth / political changes
what does Rostow’s model suggest developed countries should do?
economically assist developing countries
What does Rostow’s model presume about all developing countries?
that they will all wish to develop as western countries have done, with high mass consumption and a consumer culture
What did Rostow’s model begin with?
Traditional Society (subsistence economy)
What does Rostow’s model end with?
High mass consumption
Stages of Rostow’s model
Traditional Society Preconditions to Take Off Take Off Drive to Maturity High Mass Consumption
At what stage in Rostow’s model is external help often received at?
preconditions to take off
