Theories of Development (1.3)

Question 1

Freud’s Psychoanalytical Theory of Development

Answer 1

as children grow, their focus of pleasure and sexual impulses switches from the mouth to the anal and eventually the genitals

Question 2

Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory of Development

Answer 2

human behavior is social motivated, development occurs throughout lifespan, and both early and later experiences are important to development

Question 3

Piaget Cognitive Theory of Development

Answer 3

children go through 4 stages of cognitive developments as they construct an understanding of the world

Question 4

Vygotsky Cognitive Theory of Development

Answer 4

social and cultural interactions collectively guide cognitive development

Question 5

Siegler’s Information Processing

Answer 5

as information is being processed we manipulate, monitor it, and strategize about it

Question 6

Skinner’s Operant Conditioning

Answer 6

Rewards for a behavior will affect its chances of reoccurrence
(reward=highly likely behavior reoccurs; punishment=less likely behavior reoccurs)

Question 7

Bandura’s Social Cognitive Model

Answer 7

behavior, environment, and cognition are the key factors of development

Question 8

Ecological theory

Answer 8

development reflects the influence of several environmental systems (e.g.-microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, and chronosystem)

Question 9

Ethology

Answer 9

behavior is strongly influenced by biology, tied to evolution, and categorized by critical and sensitive periods