Theories of Development Flashcards by Fritzy Gletch Berdin

What are the stages in Sigmund Freud’s Psychosexual Theory?

Oral
Anal
Phallic
Genital
Latency

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What is the pleasure principle?

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Behaviours to satisfy instinct.

Unconscious motivation

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Freud’s 3 structures of personality.

Id
Ego
Superego

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Age for ego to develop.

3-4 years old

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Balancing of id and ego.

Reality contact

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Principle or contact involved in ego.

Reality contact

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Age that superego develops.

4-7 years old

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Principle involved in superego.

Morality principle

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Erogenous zone, age, and fixation for oral.

Mouth
Birth - 1 y/o
Orally receptive

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Example of orally receptive fixation.

Smoking
Gum chewing

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Erogenous zone, age, fixation for anal stage.

Anus
1-3 y/o
Anal retentive, anal expulsive

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Being orderly is what fixation?

Anal retentive

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Being disorganized is what fixation?

Anal expulsive

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Erogenous zone, age, fixation of phallic stage.

Oedipus complex
3-7 y/o
Identification

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Erogenous zone, age, fixation of genital stage.

Genitalia
12 and up
Proliferation

Erogenous zone, age, fixation of latency stage.

Genitalia
7-12
None

Erik Erikson’s psychosocial theory is referred to as?

Epigenetic principle

What are the 8 basic strength of Erikson’s psychosocial theory?

Hope
Will
Purpose
Competence
Fidelity
Love
Care
Wisdom

Syntonic, psychological stage, dystonic, core pathology of hope.

Trust
Birth - 1 y/o
Mistrust
Withdrawal

Syntonic, psychological stage, dystonic, core pathology of will.

Autonomy
Early childhood (1-3)
Shame, doubt
Compulsion

Syntonic, psychological stage, dystonic, core pathology of purpose.

Initiative
Play age (3-6)
Guilt
Inhibition

Syntonic, psychological stage, dystonic, core pathology of competence.

Industry
School age (6-13)
Inferiority
Inertia

Syntonic, psychological stage, dystonic, core pathology of fidelity.

Identity
Adolescence (13-19)
Identity confusion
Role repudiation

Two types of role repudiation.

Diffidence Defiance

Syntonic, psychological stage, dystonic, core pathology of love.

Intimacy Young adulthood (19-30) Isolation Exclusivity

Syntonic, psychological stage, dystonic, core pathology of care.

Generativity Adulthood (30-60) Stagnation Rejectivity

Syntonic, psychological stage, dystonic, core pathology of wisdom.

Integrity Old age (60 and up) Despair Disdain

Most crucial stage in Erikson's psychosocial theory?

Adolescence

Who developed Sociocultural theory?

Lev Vygotsky

Views human development as a socially mediated process in which children acquire their cultural values, beliefs, and problem-solving strategies through collaborative dialogues with more knowledgeable members of society.

Sociocultural theory

Refers to someone who has a better understanding or a higher ability level than the learner, with respect to a particular task, process, or concept.

More Knowledgeable Other (MKO)

The gap between the level of actual development, what the child can do on his own and the level of potential development, what a child can do with the assistance of more advanced and competent individuals.

Zone of Proximal Development