Theories of Development Flashcards
What are the stages in Sigmund Freud’s Psychosexual Theory?
Oral
Anal
Phallic
Genital
Latency
What is the pleasure principle?
Id
Behaviours to satisfy instinct.
Unconscious motivation
Freud’s 3 structures of personality.
Id
Ego
Superego
Age for ego to develop.
3-4 years old
Balancing of id and ego.
Reality contact
Principle or contact involved in ego.
Reality contact
Age that superego develops.
4-7 years old
Principle involved in superego.
Morality principle
Erogenous zone, age, and fixation for oral.
Mouth
Birth - 1 y/o
Orally receptive
Example of orally receptive fixation.
Smoking
Gum chewing
Erogenous zone, age, fixation for anal stage.
Anus
1-3 y/o
Anal retentive, anal expulsive
Being orderly is what fixation?
Anal retentive
Being disorganized is what fixation?
Anal expulsive
Erogenous zone, age, fixation of phallic stage.
Oedipus complex
3-7 y/o
Identification
Erogenous zone, age, fixation of genital stage.
Genitalia
12 and up
Proliferation
Erogenous zone, age, fixation of latency stage.
Genitalia
7-12
None
Erik Erikson’s psychosocial theory is referred to as?
Epigenetic principle
What are the 8 basic strength of Erikson’s psychosocial theory?
Hope
Will
Purpose
Competence
Fidelity
Love
Care
Wisdom
Syntonic, psychological stage, dystonic, core pathology of hope.
Trust
Birth - 1 y/o
Mistrust
Withdrawal
Syntonic, psychological stage, dystonic, core pathology of will.
Autonomy
Early childhood (1-3)
Shame, doubt
Compulsion
Syntonic, psychological stage, dystonic, core pathology of purpose.
Initiative
Play age (3-6)
Guilt
Inhibition
Syntonic, psychological stage, dystonic, core pathology of competence.
Industry
School age (6-13)
Inferiority
Inertia
Syntonic, psychological stage, dystonic, core pathology of fidelity.
Identity
Adolescence (13-19)
Identity confusion
Role repudiation
Two types of role repudiation.
Diffidence
Defiance
Syntonic, psychological stage, dystonic, core pathology of love.
Intimacy
Young adulthood (19-30)
Isolation
Exclusivity
Syntonic, psychological stage, dystonic, core pathology of care.
Generativity
Adulthood (30-60)
Stagnation
Rejectivity
Syntonic, psychological stage, dystonic, core pathology of wisdom.
Integrity
Old age (60 and up)
Despair
Disdain
Most crucial stage in Erikson’s psychosocial theory?
Adolescence
Who developed Sociocultural theory?
Lev Vygotsky
Views human development as a socially mediated process in which children acquire their cultural values, beliefs, and problem-solving strategies through collaborative dialogues with more knowledgeable members of society.
Sociocultural theory
Refers to someone who has a better understanding or a higher ability level than the learner, with respect to a particular task, process, or concept.
More Knowledgeable Other (MKO)
The gap between the level of actual development, what the child can do on his own and the level of potential development, what a child can do with the assistance of more advanced and competent individuals.
Zone of Proximal Development
