Theories of Counseling Chapter 3

Question 1

Mandatory Ethics

Answer 1

Involves a level of ethical functioning at the minimum level of professional practice.

Question 2

Aspirational Ethics

Answer 2

Focuses on doing what is in the best interests of clients, involves the highest standards of thinking and conduct.

Question 3

Positive Ethics

Answer 3

Is an approach taken by practitioners who want to do their best for clients rather than simply meet minimum standard to stay out of trouble.

Question 4

When do Ethical Problems Exist:

Answer 4

-Counselors meet their needs at the expense of clients’ needs.

• Damaging needs include:
  1. For control
  2. To be nurturing
  3. Influence direction of our own values
  4. For feeling adequate
  5. To be respected

Question 5

Professionals are expected to exercise prudent judgement when it comes to interpreting and applying ethical principles.

Answer 5

1. Consult with colleagues
2. Keep yourself informed about laws
3. Update on specialty field and developments in ethical practice
4. Reflect on the impact own values have in session
5. Engage in self-examination.

Question 6

Professional Code of Ethics Provide What?

Answer 6

• Educate practitioners and public about the responsibilities of the profession.
• Provide:
  1. A basis for accountability
  2. Protect clients from unethical practices
  3. A basis for reflecting on and improving your professional practice.

Question 7

Informed Consent

Answer 7

• Involves the right of clients to be informed about their therapy and to make autonomous decisions pertaining to it.
• Establishes a basic foundation for creating a collaborative partnership.

Question 8

Confidentiality

Answer 8

-An ethical concept, the duty of therapists not to disclose information about a client.

• There is a legal requirement to break confidentiality in cases involving:
  1. Child abuse
  2. Abuse of the elderly
  3. Abuse of dependent adults
  4. Danger to self or others.

Question 9

Privileged Communication

Answer 9

-A legal concept that protects clients from having their confidential communication revealed in court without their permission.

Question 10

Assessment

Answer 10

Consists of evaluating the relevant factors in a client’s life to identify themes for further exploration in the counseling process.

Question 11

Diagnosis

Answer 11

• Sometimes part of the assessment process, consists of identifying a specific mental disorder based on a pattern of symptoms.
• The purpose of diagnosis in counseling is to identify disruptions in a client’s present behavior and lifestyle.

Question 12

Dangers of Diagnosis

Answer 12

• The possible failure of counselors to consider cultural factors in patterns of behavior.
• When done strictly for insurance purposes, which often entails arbitrarily assigning a client to a diagnostic classification.

Question 13

Evidence-Based Practice

Answer 13

• The integration of the best available research with clinical expertise in the context of patient characteristics, culture, and preferences.
• Aim is to require therapists to base their practice on techniques that have empirical evidence.

Question 14

Three Pillars of EBP

Arguments vs EBP

Answer 14

1. Looking for the best available research
2. Relying on clinical expertise
3. Taking into consideration the client’s characteristics, culture, and preferences.

• Its mechanistic
• Doesn’t take into full consideration the relational dimensions of the counseling process and individual variability

Question 15

Dual/Multiple Relationships

Answer 15

-Either sexual or nonsexual, occurs when counselors assume two (or more) roles simultaneously or sequentially with a client.

Question 16

Boundary Crossing

Answer 16

A departure from a commonly accepted practice that could potentially benefit a client.

Question 17

Boundary Violation

Answer 17

A boundary crossing that takes the practitioner out of the professional role, generally involves exploitation, and result in harm to a client.