Theories of Counseling Chapter 2

Question 1

Counselor and Client Relationship

Answer 1

• The person and the professional are intertwined facets that cannot be separated in therapeutic relationship.
• Clients place more value on the personality of the therapist than the technique.
• Vital that the methods used support the relationship with the client.

Question 2

Contextual Factors

Answer 2

• Are the primary determinants of therapeutic outcome:
  1. The relationship
  2. The personal and interpersonal skills of the therapist
  3. Client’s agency

Question 3

Effective Therapists

Answer 3

• Have an identity, humor, interest in welfare of others, interpersonal skills, and boundaries
• Are open to change, authentic, and makes/admits mistakes
• Live in the present and appreciate cultures

Question 4

• Orlinsky’s Research on Personal Therapy

- Counselor’s Personal Therapy

Answer 4

1. Helps by providing model of therapeutic practice
2. Enhance interpersonal skills
3. Helps ability to deal with clinical stress

-If student counselors are not involved in own healing and growth, it will be difficult to enter client’s world.

Question 5

Counselor’s Values

Answer 5

• Must aware of their values, of where and how they acquired them, and of how their values can influence their interventions with clients.
• Must guard against the tendency to use power to influence clients to accept our values.

Question 6

• Bracketing

- Value Imposition

Answer 6

• Managing your personal values so that they do not contaminate the counseling.
• Refers to counselors directly attempting to define a client’s values, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors.

Question 7

Multicultural Counseling

Answer 7

• Must develop sensitivity to cultural difference in hopes to make interventions that are consistent with the values of their clients.
• Become aware of how clients from diverse cultures may perceive them as therapists.
• Must modify strategies to fit the needs and the situation of the individual client.

Question 8

The 3 Dimensions of Multicultural Competency?

Answer 8

1. Beliefs and Attitudes (Awareness)
2. Knowledge
3. Skills

Question 9

Beliefs and Attitudes (Awareness)

Answer 9

• Transition from being culturally unaware to ensuring that their own biases won’t interfere with ability to work with clients.
  ii. Comfortable with cultural differences between themselves and others.

Question 10

Knowledge

Answer 10

• Understand that external sociopolitical forced influence all groups, and know how these forces operate with respect to the treatment of minorities.
• Possess knowledge on historical background, traditions, and values of the client.

Question 11

Skills

Answer 11

• Define goals consistent with the cultural values of their clients.
• Modify their interventions to accommodate cultural differences.
• Read verbals and nonverbals accurately
• Willing to seek out education and consultations to enhance their work with diverse clients

Question 12

Common Issues for Beginning Counselors

Answer 12

1. Dealing with anxiety, perfectionism, client demands, and being yourself.
2. Understanding limitations, ambiguity, silence, countertransference.