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COMS Theory > Theories > Flashcards

Theories Flashcards

1
Q

What is the evidence of a “communication problem”?

A

evidence:

  • effect
  • inherency (source of prob)
  • significance (harm and extent of it)
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2
Q

Who created the Attribution Theory? (naive psychology)

A

Fritz Heider

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3
Q

What is Attribution Theory?

A

the theory of “why”

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4
Q

What tradition and world view is the attribution theory?

A
  • Socio-psychological tradition

- Worldview 1

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5
Q

What are the three dimensions of Attributions?

A
  • Locus (internal or external)
  • Stability (stable or unstable)
  • Controllability (within personal control or beyond our control)
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6
Q

What is an example of a bias in judging intentions?

A

A “fundamental attribution error”

we tend to judge ourselves more charitably than others

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7
Q

If you are in a high relational satisfaction and a liked behavior occurs, what is the attribution theory suggest?

A

Locus- internal
stability-stable
controllability- within

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8
Q

If you are in a HIGH relational satisfaction and a disliked behavior occurs, what is the attribution theory suggest?

A

locus- external
stability- unstable
controllability- beyond

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9
Q

If you are in a dissatisfaction relationship and a liked behavior happens then….?

A

locus- external
stability-unstable
controllability- beyond

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10
Q

If a disliked behavior happens in a dissatisfaction relationship what is the relational satisfactional?

A

locus-internal
stability- stable
controllability- within

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11
Q

Who created the common biases theory in judging intention after Fritz?

A
  • Harvey
  • Ickes
  • Kidd
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12
Q

what are a common bias on judging intention?

A

we tend to hold others more responsible for NEGATIVE results than POSITIVE outcomes

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13
Q

Another example of common bias on judging intention…

A

we tend to hold other MORE responsible for NOT trying than for incompetence

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14
Q

what is an example of a common bias on judging intention? (a homeless man)

A

we tend to hold others MORE responsible when they aim to IMPROVE their position rather than AVIOD loss (a homeless man stealing food compared to a rich man throwing away food)

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15
Q

Can bad PR ruin someones reputation or send someone to jail? (Hint: Common Biases)

A

Yes, example: Martha Stewart

Saying nothing can do more damage because we hold others more responible when they aim to improve their position

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16
Q

What is another example of what we tend to do in regards of common bias? (Danielle; little girl sexually assaulted)

A

we tend to hold others more responibile when we fear the same thing might happened to us

17
Q

Do we tend to hold others more or less responsible than we hold ourselves?

A

MORE

18
Q

Who founded Elaboration Likelihood Theory?

A

Richard Petty and John Cacioppo

19
Q

What causes “critical thinking” vs. mindless autopilot “peripheral route processing?

A

Flow Chart…..

Example: Social Media

20
Q

What is the peripheral route process?

A

Message (persuasive coms.) > Motivated to process (personal relevance) > Use peripheral cues (speaker credibility) > Weak attitude change (temporary)

21
Q

What is the central route process?

A

Message > Motivated > Able to Process > Cognitive Processing (Strong or Weak Case) > Strong Positive/ Negative Attitude Change

22
Q

Why might you want a receiver to move into peripheral route processing? (ELT)

A
  • to make a quick discussion (a fire or retail sales)
  • persuasion
  • can be good or bad
23
Q

Who identified the peripheral route processing?

A

Robert Cialdini identified six factors that tend to send message receivers into peripheral route processing

24
Q

What are the six cues of triggering peripheral route processing? (ELT)

A
  1. Reciprocation (you owe someone something)
  2. Consistency (always buy a type of thing) (Ex. ford or chevy)
  3. Social Proof (peer pressure or influence from a group)
  4. Liking (If you like me, you’ll agree with me)
  5. Authority (celebrity)
  6. Scarcity (time limit)
25
Q

What is Cognitive Dissonance?

A

it is relationships between elements in the cognitive schemata:

  • Dissonant (two elements that are different)
  • Consonant
  • Irrelevent (no relation)
26
Q

Who created cognitive dissonance?

A

Leon Festinger

27
Q

What does dissonance create?

A

stress

28
Q

What do people do to make them selves less stressed?

A

Humans seem to seek cognitive consistency (deny)

or talk themselves out of it

29
Q

What can prevent dissonance?

A

selective exposure can prevent dissonance

30
Q

What is an example of regretting a purchase and why do we regret it?

A

Post decisional dissonance (buyers remorse)

  • heightened when the decision is a “close call”
  • creates a need for reassurance (social support)
31
Q

What shifts with a minimal justification?

A

minimal justification for action induces a shift in attitude

32
Q

What does a traditional model do?

A

Traditional models: attitude determines behavior

33
Q

What does Festinger say about attitude?

A

Festinger: behavior determines attitude (socially acceptance)

COMS Theory (9 decks)

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