Theories

Question 1

Treats the mind as a blank slate that can be trained through repetitive motions. Defines learning as observable behavioral change that occurs in response to environmental stimuli. Relies on conditioning through use of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards, positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement and punishment.

Answer 1

Behaviorism

Question 2

Suggests learning results from receiving objective information from an expert. Learning is the process of changing a learner’s mental mode or schematic understanding. Learning reflects internal processing rather than a conditioned response to external stimuli. Emphasizes mental processes like memory, languages, thinking, knowing and problem-solving.

Answer 2

Cognitivism

Question 3

Explores the complexities of the human mind as it processes information. Knowledge is constructed rather than received. Learner-centered where the teacher is the guide. Preexisting knowledge plays a crucial role in learning. Students’ social, cultural, economic and values impacts how and what they learn from a given lesson. Learning and problem-solving reflect real-life contexts.

Answer 3

Constructivism

Question 4

Learners create their own subjective information by interpreting their world and restructuring their thinking. Learning results from interactions between the individual and a situation. Knowledge is a product of the activity, context, and culture in which it is developed and used.

Answer 4

Social and Contextual

Question 5

Identify meaningful everyday experience as the most central factor in increasing knowledge and understanding as well as transforming behavior. Learning cannot be imparted but me learned for oneself (active learning). A teacher can facilitate but they cannot control.

Answer 5

Experientialism

Question 6

Refers to the process through which children develop the standards of right and wrong within their society, based on social and cultural norms, and laws.

Answer 6

Moral Development Theories

Question 7

Approaches learning as a way to fulfill an individual’s potential rather than meeting specific learning targets. Focuses on the whole person, specifically the cognitive and affective needs of the learner. The theory holds that self-actualization is the ultimate goal of each individual.

Answer 7

Humanist Theory