Theoretical Framework (unit 1) Flashcards
how many theoretical frameworks in psychology are there?
5 major frameworks
what are the 5 frameworks?
1) structuralism
2) Functionalism
3) Behaviourism
4) cognitivism / cognitive psychology
5) psychoanalysis
what is Structuralism framework?
a theory that is used to identify psychological experiences with the basic elements of psychology
What are the basic psychological elements?
sensations, images, feelings
What method was used in structuralism?
introspection
What is introspection?
a method where the participants reflect and report their inner sensations and experiences
What is the functionalism framework?
a theory that asks the why instead of the what or psychology which is done by focusing on the functions and adaptive purposes of psychological characteristics
What are the psychological characteristics?
thhoughts, feelings, and behaviours
What is the Behaviourism framework?
a scientific study of OBSERVABLE behaviours and was focuses on discovering the general laws of learning (anti-mentalistic)
What does anti-mentalistic mean?
focusing on behaviour rather than the workings of the mind
what is the cognitivism framework?
understanding thinking is central to understanding behaviour (understanding how the brain works and how the brain functions)
what are the areas of cognition in cognitivism?
- perception
- attention
- memory
- language
- reasoning
what is the psychoanalysis framework?
a theory that focuses on internal psychological processes that we are unaware of (non-scientific method)
What is the timeline of the 5 major psychological frameworks?
structural - 1800’s
functionalism - took place throughout the 1900’s but became a larger thing in the 1910’s
Behaviourism - roots have gone back to the 1800’s however was more prevalent in 1909 - 1990’s
Cognitivism - started to pop up around the 1950’s and is still the main theoretical framework used in studies in the present
psychoanalysis - started to become a thing in the mid to early 1900’s
