Theological Views on the Self Flashcards
what do functionalists argue the self is
a product of socialisation
what does Parsons argue
-social institutions allocate roles via best fit eg the education system and meritocracy
-in pre industrial society ppl had ascribed status (born with) but in contemporary society we have achieved status (earned) eg doctor
what does Davis and Moore argue
-system is meritocratic to ensure that the ppl who out the effort in get bigger qualifications as it will lead to higher pay
what does Merton argue
-manifest and latent functions of institutions
-manifest functions are recognised and intended eg role allocation in school
-latent functions are unrecognised and unintended eg school reinforcing societal expectations of social classes
how does the American Dream have latent and manifest functions
manifest function is meritocracy
latent function is that it increases crime and deviance through anomie
which theorist describes role allocation
Parsons
which theorist describes meritocracy
Davis and Moore
which theorist describes latent functions
Mertons
name all the functionalist theorists for the self
what are the two main marxist theorists for the self
Marx
Gramsci
what does Marx argue about the self
-the self is formed by an individuals relationship to the means of production
-process of alienation
-eg in production lines of factories w/c alienated from each other and the product
-also shaped by ruling class ideology promoting FCC
describe further in detail Marx’s theory of production lines and alienation
-w/c separated from each other in the factory line
-they lack a sense of pride in creating something due to individual components
who is the neo marxist theory for the self
Gramsci
what is Gramscis theory of the self
-hegemony transfers w/c beliefs and values to w/c in a way that makes it seem like common sense/ no alternative
-although there are organic intellectuals who can develop counter hegemony (an alt culture that breaks down hegemony )
who are the two main theorists for feminists view of the self
-Ann Oakley
-Simone de Beauvoir
what does Oakley argue
-gender identity is formed in primary socialisation
-eg canalisation, vocalisation etc
what does Simone de Beauvoir argue about the self
-women see themselves as stereotypical ideas of female identity based on the male gaze
what are the four main interactionist theories on the self and their theory names
Cooley Looking Glass Self
Becker Labelling
Mead the I and Me
Goffman Dramaturgical approach
describe Cooleys theory of the self
-we see how others see us through interactions and become the person we think others believe us to be
-build a sense of what’s normal through interactions
describe Beckers theory on the self
-individuals are labelled by society and are either accepted or rejected
-master statuses can be internalised so ppl live up to their label
describe Mead’s the I and Me theory of the self
-“me” is the social self that is constructed by interactions
-“i” acts creatively and reacts to the “me”
-they react to each other eg “i” has criminal impulses but “me” knows social rules
describe Goffmans theory of the self (4)
-the world is a stage; there is a front stage and a back stage we adjust to
-we use impression management to handle different circumstances
-successful performances meet audience expectations and are believed
-we have multiple roles (teacher,father,husband)
who is the postmodernist theory for the self
Baudrillard
what do postmodernists argue about the self (not baudrillard)
-due to globalisation/media access we can choose identity freely / pick n mix identities
-hybrid identities eg with ethnicity wasians
what does baurdillard argue about the self
-we have identities as consumers
- we are what we buy
what theory /theorist combines structural theories and social action theory’s
Giddens Structuration theory
what is structuration theory
individuals have agency but are also influenced by structures
