Identity : Ethnicity Flashcards

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1
Q

define ethnicity

A

shared cultural heritage

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2
Q

give the three main theorists for asian identities

A

Jacobson
Johal
Anwar and Ghuman

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3
Q

what does Jacobson argue about asian identities

A

-Islam is growing source of identity for young british pakistani asians as a response to social exclusion and lack of opportunity

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4
Q

what does Johal argue about ethnicity and identity

A

-‘white mask’ identity used in schools and asian identities used at school
-hybrid identities used to fit into different settings
-brasian identities eg value religion but ignore arranged marriages and diet constraints

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5
Q

what does Mirza et al argue about ethnicity and identity

A

muslim girls wear hijabs for identity not bc of religion or parental pressure

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6
Q

what does Anwar and Ghuman argue about ethnicity and identity

A

beliefs and values of family and religious commitment are reinforced by muslim and sikh schools

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7
Q

what did Philips find in his study

A

the word Muslim conjured images of terrorism and extreme procedures rather than typical muslims eg Mrs Ahmed down the road

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8
Q

what did Buther find in their interview study

A

interview with muslims 18-30 women found many miles new identities with more independence and cultural identity

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9
Q

give two theorists who interviewed muslim women

A

Mirza
Buther

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10
Q

give 4 main theorists for black identities

A

-Gilroy
-Sewell
-Modood
-Fuller

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11
Q

what does Gilroy argue about ethnicity and identity

A

-no singular black identity /culture eg hip hop and reggae more mainstream

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12
Q

what does Modood argue about ethnicity and identity

A

afro caribbean youth stress black identity in response to racial discrimination

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13
Q

what does Sewell argue about ethnicity and identity

A

identity is hyper masculine and gangster MTV culture

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14
Q

what does Fuller find about ethnicity and identity

A

black girls in school were anti school but successfully rejected negative labels and got high grades

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15
Q

give 3 arguments that ethnic minorities have a stigmatised identity

A

-racial stereotyping / labelling
-institutional racism
-islamophobia

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16
Q

explain how racial stereotyping and labelling creates a stigmatised ethnic identity

A

-Fullers black girls negatively labelled (but rejected)
-Mirza/Wright asian students seen as docile
-Sewells gangster boys
-leads to self fulfilling prophecy and failure

17
Q

give an example of how institutional racism creates a stigmatised ethnic identity

A

-London Met Police and Stephen Lawrence Case
-police treated black friend like a suspect and refused to touch the body for CPR
-MacPherson report called London Met Police institutionally racist

18
Q

explain how institutional racism has been improved since the MacPherson report

A

-policies improved in other institutions eg school application forms only in english

19
Q

explain how islamophobia creates a stigmatised identity

A

-stems from 9/11 and London bombings
-media creates moral panic and fear
-Philips study of the word muslim

20
Q

give 3 arguments why ethnic identity is not stigmatised

A

-more rep in media
-more equal opportunity policies
-legal change against discrimination