Identity: Leisure and Consumption Flashcards

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1
Q

give 3 postmodern theorists who study leisure and identity

A

-Rojek
-Bocock
-Taylor

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2
Q

what does Rojek argue about leisure

A

-in postmodern society leisure is less planned and purposeful, it is no longer shaped by position in society eg class or gender
-eg old ppl go to concerts
-you become who you are through your leisure

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3
Q

what does Bocock argue about leisure

A

-consumer choices define identity/ image/status they wish to project
-pick n mix identities

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4
Q

what does Taylor argue about leisure

A

-consumer products have symbolic significance
-society transformed into endless shopping mall

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5
Q

what theorist/study argues occupation and work experience affects leisure

A

Parker

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6
Q

what did Parker’s study find

A

there are 3 patterns between work and leisure:
-opposition; physical/male dominated work faced with hostility so leisure is central life interest to escape hardships of work
-neutrality; indifference to work so leisure is relaxing and often family oriented
-extension; high work commitment and job satisfaction so leisure is work related

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7
Q

evaluate Parker’s view on leisure

A

-Parker over emphasises importance of work and ignores leisure if housewives and students who don’t work
-focused on full time paid employment but ignores gender influences eg part time and domestic labour leisure

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8
Q

how does Pluralist Robert criticise Parker’s view on leisure

A

-one single division doesn’t determine a persons leisure
-eg m/c go to theatre more but that does not affect leisure patterns
-stage in the life cycle also affects leisure

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9
Q

what theorist/study argues social class influences leisure and identity

A

-Bauman

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10
Q

what does Bauman argue about social class affecting leisure

A

-consumer choices influenced by cultural capital and economic capital
-consumers are seduced or repressed
-seduced = financially secure, attractive customers seduced by consumer society
-repressed = attracted to consumer society but limited by economic/cultural capital

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11
Q

who does Bauman argue to be the real victims of consumer society and why

A

the repressed are bc they have a devalued identity and won’t be fully accepted by others for not buying “right” products eg up to date technology

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12
Q

give two criticisms of Baumans study on how social class impacts leisure

A

-over simplifies difference between seduced/ repressed and fails to accept the range of different relationships to consumption in society
-some ppl reject consumer society altogether eg green movement consumes as little as possible

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13
Q

describe how age affects leisure

A

-young ppl leisure with peer groups; lack economic capital but also lack financial commitments eg bills, children, rent
-young ppl and the retired are more leisure centred than any other age group so have more leisure based identities

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14
Q

explain how the family life cycle affects leisure

A

-leisure restricted by children, mortgages and household costs
-when children grow up and leave ppl have more disposable income to spend on leisure
-old age may inc ill health which limits leisure

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15
Q

explain how gender impacts leisure

A

-gender role socialisation means men/women have diff leisure interests eg men view shopping as a chore
-women have less leisure time as it often intersects with housework/childcare and they earn less than men which limits lesireb

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16
Q

who studied women’s leisure in Milton Keynes

A

-Deem

17
Q

what did Deem’s study in Milton Keynes find

A

-patriarchal control restricted women’s leisure to approved activities
-male partners feel threatened by women’s independent participation in girls nights out and are not approved of
-leisure limited by harassment in public places and risks of walking home alone at night

18
Q

describe how ethnicity influences leisure

A

-leisure influenced by cultural choices and sometimes restricted by racism
-eg asian women restricted to home and family based leisure
-although hybrid identities are less restricted by parents culture eg brasians

19
Q

what neo marxists studied leisure

A

Clarke and Critcher

20
Q

what do Clarke and Critcher argue about leisure

A

-leisure is a highly organised/commercialised/multinational industry employing millions worldwide for profit
-eg sports and tourism
-advertising in media saturated society creates endless demand for new products and services
-identity established by buying latest trends which benefits capitalism

21
Q

give a criticism of Clarke and Critcher’s neo marxist view on leisure

A

-some groups try to resist commercialisation of leisure and manipulation of identities
-eg Campaign for Real Ale encourages small breweries to open to challenge dominance of big brewers
-and independent cinemas in some cities showing anti capitalist films
-also ignores other factors