theme: communication

Question 1

Medicine Standing Still examples

Answer 1

• Communications dwindled after the fall of the Roman Empire
• Islamic World: Retranslations
• Avicenna- canon of medicine and book of healing
• Lack of discussion between apothecaries, wise women, physicians etc- all specialised in different fields of medicine eg midwifery, surgery and anatomy
• However, knowledge was passed down verbally by wisewomen and apothecaries

Question 2

The Beginnings Of Change

Answer 2

• printing press- 1440s and 1470s in england- MASSIVE impact- made books cheaper and allowed information sto spread more quickly
• renaissance relooked at greece and rome due to having original works from Avicenna
• books were published by Pare, Vesalius (Fabric Of The Human Body) and Harvey
• Royal College of Physicians was set up in 1518
• Lady Mary Wortley Montague learnt about inoculation in Turkey in the 1700s
• Surgeons and Doctors became equal in terms of status, with the London College of Surgeons being set up in 1800 so communication within different groups increased

Question 3

A Revolution In Medicine

Answer 3

• Tyndall, Roberts and Cheyne spread Germ Theory to the UK rapidly by translating and then lecturing on their ideas- led to scientists following in their footsteps quickly, known as the ‘Microbe Hunters’ and this led to new discoveries quickly- unlike penicillin, for example.
• Pasteur and Koch used each others theory to make vaccines
• Lister read Pasteur’s Germ Theory in the Lancet

Question 4

Modern Medicine

Answer 4

• penicillin- shows how improved discussion was within the medical community as Howard Florey and Ernst Chain read Alexander Flemmings’ article before testing on mice and America communicated with England to fund mass production so communication between countries
• Communication between groups improved public health eg the Rowntree report as the scale of poor health was fully understood.

Question 5

canon of medicine

Answer 5

was printed 60 times from 1516-1574 in Europe
proves it was a signifiacnt authority of medicine everywhere

Question 6

printing press was invented in and bought to England in?

Answer 6

1440
1476

Question 7

books of significance

Answer 7

• canon of medicine
• the fabric of the human body
• notes on nursing
• the Lancet
• journals published by the Royal Society
• books written by: Harvey, Pare, Sydenham, Hunter and Snow