1MST: public health Flashcards
water/waste disposal
- some roman sewers survived but very few
- streams and wells were used in the countryside
- rivers were used for both sewage and for drinking water
- cesspits were used
countryside vs cities
cities were less hygienic with no waste removal
* waste eg animal carcasses were left outside, attracting rats
* few cesspits so human waste was often in the streets
* as cities grew, these problems got worse due to urbanisation and populatioin growth, as they caused overcrowding and so more rapid spread of disease
monasteries
- had toilets/latrines and clean running water in different systems
- had small infirmaries and herb gardens to treat the sick
- had one abbott so rules were followed more than in towns and cities
- were literate so understood more about a healthy lifestyle and the importance of hygeine
- had wealthy patrons who paid for facilities like latrines and less people so diseases spread less
when did the black death begin?
black death
1348
black death changed what?
the black death
dissection was allowed by the Church as people were that confused
what extreme way did religious people try to stop the black death?
the black death
self-flagrellation - flagrellants
bubonic plague
- spread by rats and fleas
- caused headaches, high temperatures and pus filled swellings
pneumonic plague
black death
- airbourne
- spread by coughs and sneezes
- attacked the lungs, causing pain when breathing and coughing up blood
local and national government response
Winchester & Gloucester
black death
- people refused to allow the bishop to increase cemetery to be extended to the town centre when it became too full and instead it was built away from the houses- shows awareness as they understood being near the dead bodies spread the disease in Winchester
- the town of Gloucester tried to shut itself off from the outside world but the failed and many still died- shows awareness that the plague spread from person to person.
- parliament as closed by King Edward III in early 1349
social change
black death
- higher wages and enabled movement of workers due to less workers
- land became cheaper
- led to the 1349 Ordinance of Labourers
- later may have caused the Peasants’ Revolt and the collapse of the feudal system
1349 Ordinance of Labourers
The Ordinance of Labourers 1349 (23 Edw. 3) is often considered to be the start of English labour law.[1] Specifically, it fixed wages and imposed price controls; required all those under the age of 60 to work; prohibited the enticing away of another’s servants; and other terms.
