Theme 5 - Collapse of the USSR

Question 1

Gorbachev Becomes General Secretary of the CPSU?

Answer 1

March 1985

Question 2

27th Party Congress

Answer 2

1986

Question 3

What was announced at the 27th party congress?

Answer 3

New Programme for CPSU which introduced “Genuine democracy”
Gorbachev mention Brezhnev era as “stagnation”

Question 4

When and what was Glasnost?

Answer 4

1986
Meaning “openess”. Restrictions removed from media and travel restrictions relaxed.

Question 5

Crackdown on Alcoholism and Creation of Superministries

Answer 5

1985

Designed to streamline the economy

Question 6

The 12th 5 year plan

Answer 6

1886

Question 7

What was the purpose of the 12th 5 year plan?

Answer 7

Continuation of central planning + command economy

Question 8

Law on Individual Economic Activity
+ what?

Answer 8

1986
Allowed families and individuals to make profit from small-scale work

Question 9

Riots in Kazakhstan
Why?

Answer 9

December 1986
Kazahk First Secretary of the CP replaced with a Russian in anti-corruption campaign

Question 10

Perestroika introduced

Answer 10

Jan 1987

Question 11

What was perestroika?

Answer 11

Economic policy meaning “restructuring”.
Joint ventures between state and foreign companies allowed. Attempt to end stagnation

Question 12

Law on state Enterprises

Answer 12

June 1987
Loosened control of the state

Question 13

Gorbachev trials elections

Answer 13

1987
Suggests secret ballots and multiple candidates for local soviets

Question 14

Boris Yeltsin attacks Gorbachev over slow pace of Reform?

Answer 14

Oct 1987

Question 15

Boris Yeltsin sacked as Moscow Party Leader?

Answer 15

Nov 1987

Question 16

Conservatives attack CPSU for slow pace of reform

Answer 16

1988 March

Question 17

Co-operative enterprises legalised

Answer 17

Jan 1988
Allows people to set up small-scale private businesses

Question 18

“Popular fronts” formed by Baltic Republics

Answer 18

April-October 1988

Question 19

Nagorno-Karabagh problem between Armenia and Azerbaijan

Answer 19

Nov 1988

Question 20

What was the Nagorno-Karabagh problem?

Answer 20

Armenian nationalists in Azerbaijan wanted to reunite with Armenia. Requested a redrawing of Borders to include the Nagorno-Karabagh region. Direct control from Moscow was imposed which resulted in mass migration. Both demanded independence from the USSR.

Question 21

19th Conference of the CPSU

Answer 21

June 1988

Question 22

What events occured at the 19th conference of the CPSU?

Answer 22

• Creation of the Congress of People’s deputies. Elected “Supreme Soviet” to supervise government. 2/3 of deputies elected were multi-candidate (not multi-party)
  1/3 appointed by CPSU

Question 23

State commission foro Economic Reform through a market-led economy

Answer 23

Jul 1989

This split the politburo

Question 24

Elections for the Congress of Peoples Deputies

Answer 24

1989 March

Question 25

What group did Boris yeltsin make after winning 89% of the vote in March elections?

Answer 25

Intra-Regional Deputies They stood for reform. Wanted legalisation of private property and autonomy (self govern) of Republics of the Union.

Question 26

What group rivaled the Intra-Regional Deputies?

Answer 26

Soyuz group Conservative members of the party.

Question 27

How many seats did the Communist Party win in the March 1989 elections for the Congress of Peoples Deputies?

Answer 27

80% Many high ranking members were defeated

Question 28

When was Gorbachev elected Chairman of the Supreme Soviet by the Congress of Peoples Deputies?

Answer 28

May 1989

Question 29

500 Day Programme

Answer 29

Oct 1989

Question 30

What was the 500 day programme?

Answer 30

Recommended to government for a full transition into a market economy in only 500 days. Soviet Government reject but Russian Government accept.

Question 31

Severe Price rises in the USSR due to Government Subsidies being cut

Answer 31

Apr 1990

Question 32

Mass demonstrations for independence in Baltic States

Answer 32

Aug 1989

Question 33

Nationalists campaign for independence throughout the USSR

Answer 33

Due to March 1989 elections

Question 34

Demonstrations in Georgia

Answer 34

1989 Apri

Question 35

Gorbachev appointed President of the USSR by People's deputies

Answer 35

March 1990

Question 36

Article 6 of the USSR constitution abolished

Answer 36

March 1990 Section that said that there could only be 1 political party (CPSU).

Question 37

Elections in the Republics see non-communist victories

Answer 37

1990

Question 38

Yelstin elected Chair of Russian Supreme Soviet

Answer 38

1990 March

Question 39

Lithuania declares independence.

Answer 39

March 1990 Gorbachev refuse and imposes economic sanctions.

Question 40

Yeltsin says Russian Laws are superior to Soviet Laws

Answer 40

May 1990

Question 41

Yeltsin resigns from the CPSU

Answer 41

June 1990

Question 42

28th Congress of CPSU

Answer 42

July 1990

Question 43

Events of 28th Congress of CPSU

Answer 43

-Gorbachev talks of creating "civil society" for the USSR. -Genuine democracy introduced -free elections - Multi-party system - Human rights

Question 44

Private ownership of property and business legalised

Answer 44

Jan 1991

Question 45

Trading of stocks and shares legalised

Answer 45

1991 Apr

Question 46

Yelstin announced programme of complete marketisation of Russian Economy

Answer 46

oct 1991

Question 47

Troops sent to Lithuania. Yeltsin asks Russian soldiers to defy orders from Soviet Government to supress protests

Answer 47

Jan 1991.

Question 48

Yeltsin elected president of RUssia

Answer 48

June 1991

Question 49

New Union treaty announced. Lets republics vote to stay or leave USSR

Answer 49

March 1991 9 republics vote (6 refuse to participate) Result is 75% FOR new treaty.

Question 50

Georgia declares independence

Answer 50

Aprl 1991

Question 51

Novo-Ogarevo Agreement

Answer 51

New draft of Union Treaty to allow more freedom in republics.

Question 52

What was the Sinatra doctrine

Answer 52

Allowed members of the Warsaw Pact ( sattelite states) to determine own internal affairs.

Question 53

Coup by CPSU against Gorbachev. Fails after 3 days

Answer 53

1991 Aug Yeltsin main resistance to COup as Gorbachev kept prisoner in holiday home in Crimea.

Question 54

Belarus, Moldavia, Ukrain, Azerbaijan and Kirgizstan gain indepence

Answer 54

Aug 1991

Question 55

Yeltsin bans the CP in Russia and rejects Gorbachev's new union treaty.

Answer 55

Nov 1991

Question 56

Ukrain votes to leave USSR. Russia, Ukrain and Belarus form CIS

Answer 56

Dec 1991

Question 57

Gorbachev resigns as president of USSR

Answer 57

25th December 1991 +USSR was dissolved