Theme 3 Agriculture, nutrition and health Flashcards
What is the potential production of a crop?
The highest possible yield
What is the attainable production of a crop?
The yield with limiting factors like water and nutrients
What is the actual production of a crop?
The yield with limiting and reducing factors (diseases and weeds)
What is the main crop that is produced in SE Asia?
Oil palm in commercial plantations
What are the main crops that are produced in Africa?
Oil palm, cocoa and maize (with oxes)
What are the main crops that are produced in South America?
Sugarcane, soybean and livestock
What is the reason that the green revolution did not increase the production as much in Africa
Because it mainly increased the production of grains and they don’t eat that a lot in Africa. They also did not have the need for more land and they don’t have a very fertile ground or markets.
What were the problems with the green revolution in Asia?
Everybody bought the same crop, decreased diversity, people got dependent on large companies and markets.
What is the dilution effect in fruits and vegetables?
They have more carbs and less protein due to higher CO2 content
What is the rebound effect?
More efficiency in agriculture will lead to cheaper food and therefore more production
What is the land-sparing effect?
Low meat diets need less land to produce and the re-growing vegetation can take up carbon
In what way does climate change have an impact on the food supply?
Agricultural suitability
Pests, diseases and pollinators
Food quality
Supply chain disruptions
Is the power to change things in a food system in the farmers, purchasing companies or the consumers?
The purchasing companies, there are only a few of them.
What is the rural food system?
Low diversity, cereal-based, low footprint
What is the mixed food system?
Increase in sodium, processed meat, trans fat, increase in dietary diversity, cost increasing, low footprint
What is the urban food system?
High sodium and other fat stuff, increased footprint and expensive
What is the “future food system”?
Diet quality improves, reduced footprint, include own cultivated food
What are three ways to measure hunger?
Estimation with food balance sheets
Look for signs of hunger (anthropometric)
Ask people
What effect does urbanization have on the diet?
More processed foods, more variety, take-away
Higher intake of fat, sugar and salt and less physical activity
What is the food insecurity experience scale?
Direct interviews on the accessibility of food.
Have you ever been worried about not having enough food or going days without eating?
What effect does an increased income have on the diet?
More dairy and meat.
What is price volatility?
Higher incomes cause more fluctuation in food prices because the question-demand curve responds less quickly.
What is the effect of MNEs on food systems?
Cheaper processed foods (not all processing is bad)
Targeting of children
Enhance food safety
Reduce losses and waste
Not so clear if they are the important drivers in the transformation of food habits
What are the main drivers for the transformation of food habits?
Income
Urbanization
Peer groups
And maybe MNEs
