The Wrath of Vulcan: Volcanic Eruptions

Question 1

Viscosity

Answer 1

The resistance to the flow of liquid

Question 2

Difference between magma and lava

Answer 2

Magma - Molten rock (rocks heated to high temperatures) found underground
Lava - Molten rock found on the surface of the earth

Question 3

How does viscosity and gas in magma affect how violent eruptions are?

Answer 3

Magma contains gases.

• High gas content and high viscosity (highly resistant molten rocks) causes eruptions to be more violent
  -This is because the viscosity of magma does not allow gas to escape
• Over time pressure in the magma causes gases to escape with lava flying through the air

Question 4

Effusive eruptions

Answer 4

When lava flows steadily onto the ground

Question 5

Ash fall deposits

Answer 5

Fragments of volcanic rocks and glass formed by explosive volcanic eruptions

Question 6

Difference between pyroclastic flow and eruption clouds

Answer 6

Pyroclastic flow - Ash fall deposits (fragments of molten rock and glass) are transported laterally (sideways). They are more destructive because they travel rapidly

Eruption clouds - Ash fall deposits (fragments of molten rock and glass) are transported vertically

Question 7

Warning signs of an eruption

Answer 7

• Earthquakes
• Volcanic gas release

Question 8

Seismicity

Answer 8

How frequent earthquakes occur in an area

Question 9

What do volcanic earthquakes show

Answer 9

Magma is breaking rocks under a volcano

Question 10

Lahar

Answer 10

A mixture of water and rock fragments which travel down the slopes of a volcano