Crags, Cracks & Crumples - Crustal Deformation

Question 1

Mountain building (orogeny)

Answer 1

The process of when mountains are built as a result of the collision between 2 tectonic plates

Question 2

Stress

Answer 2

The force applied per unit area

Question 3

Strain

Answer 3

The change in shape (deformation) of an object as a result of stress

Question 4

Elastic deformation

Answer 4

Where an object returns to its original shape after stress/deformation has been applied to it

Question 5

Plastic stress

Answer 5

When the shape of an object becomes permanent once stress has been applied to it

Question 6

Brittle vs Ductile deformation

Answer 6

Brittle - The change in the shape of an object by breaking its chemical bonds

Ductile - The change in the shape of an object due to bending/squishing

Question 7

Extensional force

Answer 7

When the crust of the earth stretches and results in a thinner and longer crust

Question 8

Compressional force

Answer 8

When the crust of the earth shortens and results in a thicker and taller crust

Question 9

Folding

Answer 9

When rocks become curved during deformation

Question 10

Fault plane

Answer 10

The surface of which there is a slip during an earthquake

Question 11

Thrust/reverse faults vs normal faults

Answer 11

Thrust/reverse faults - Shortening in the horizontal
Normal faults - Stretching in the horizontal